LOCUS       NM_003679               5017 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 20-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), transcript variant
            1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_003679
VERSION     NM_003679.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Liao,F.J., Shen,S.L., Bao,H.L., Li,H., Zhao,Q.W., Chen,L.,
            Gong,C.W., Xiong,C.Z., Liu,W.P., Li,W. and Liu,D.N.
  TITLE     Identification and experimental validation of KMO as a critical
            immune-associated mitochondrial gene in unstable atherosclerotic
            plaque
  JOURNAL   J Transl Med 22 (1), 668 (2024)
   PUBMED   39026250
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Identification and experimental validation of KMO as a
            critical immune-associated mitochondrial gene in unstable
            atherosclerotic plaque.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Babu,H.W.S., Elangovan,A., Iyer,M., Kirola,L., Muthusamy,S.,
            Jeeth,P., Muthukumar,S., Vanlalpeka,H., Gopalakrishnan,A.V.,
            Kadhirvel,S., Kumar,N.S. and Vellingiri,B.
  TITLE     Association Study Between Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase (KMO) Gene and
            Parkinson's Disease Patients
  JOURNAL   Mol Neurobiol 61 (7), 3867-3881 (2024)
   PUBMED   38040995
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Association Study Between Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase (KMO)
            Gene and Parkinson's Disease Patients.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Zhai,Y., Chavez,J.A., D'Aquino,K.E., Meng,R., Nawrocki,A.R.,
            Pocai,A., Wang,L. and Ma,L.J.
  TITLE     Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase limits de novo NAD+ synthesis through
            dietary tryptophan in renal proximal tubule epithelial cell models
  JOURNAL   Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 326 (5), C1423-C1436 (2024)
   PUBMED   38497113
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase limits de novo NAD[+] synthesis
            through dietary tryptophan in renal proximal tubule epithelial cell
            models.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Hughes,T.D., Guner,O.F., Iradukunda,E.C., Phillips,R.S. and
            Bowen,J.P.
  TITLE     The Kynurenine Pathway and Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase Inhibitors
  JOURNAL   Molecules 27 (1), 273 (2022)
   PUBMED   35011505
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The Kynurenine Pathway and Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase
            Inhibitors.
            Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Morgenstern,M., Peikert,C.D., Lubbert,P., Suppanz,I., Klemm,C.,
            Alka,O., Steiert,C., Naumenko,N., Schendzielorz,A., Melchionda,L.,
            Muhlhauser,W.W.D., Knapp,B., Busch,J.D., Stiller,S.B.,
            Dannenmaier,S., Lindau,C., Licheva,M., Eickhorst,C., Galbusera,R.,
            Zerbes,R.M., Ryan,M.T., Kraft,C., Kozjak-Pavlovic,V., Drepper,F.,
            Dennerlein,S., Oeljeklaus,S., Pfanner,N., Wiedemann,N. and
            Warscheid,B.
  TITLE     Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its
            dynamics in cellular context
  JOURNAL   Cell Metab 33 (12), 2464-2483 (2021)
   PUBMED   34800366
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Magni,G., Amici,A., Emanuelli,M., Orsomando,G., Raffaelli,N. and
            Ruggieri,S.
  TITLE     Enzymology of NAD+ homeostasis in man
  JOURNAL   Cell Mol Life Sci 61 (1), 19-34 (2004)
   PUBMED   14704851
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Stone,T.W. and Darlington,L.G.
  TITLE     Endogenous kynurenines as targets for drug discovery and
            development
  JOURNAL   Nat Rev Drug Discov 1 (8), 609-620 (2002)
   PUBMED   12402501
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Halford,S., Freedman,M.S., Bellingham,J., Inglis,S.L.,
            Poopalasundaram,S., Soni,B.G., Foster,R.G. and Hunt,D.M.
  TITLE     Characterization of a novel human opsin gene with wide tissue
            expression and identification of embedded and flanking genes on
            chromosome 1q43
  JOURNAL   Genomics 72 (2), 203-208 (2001)
   PUBMED   11401433
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Breton,J., Avanzi,N., Magagnin,S., Covini,N., Magistrelli,G.,
            Cozzi,L. and Isacchi,A.
  TITLE     Functional characterization and mechanism of action of recombinant
            human kynurenine 3-hydroxylase
  JOURNAL   Eur J Biochem 267 (4), 1092-1099 (2000)
   PUBMED   10672018
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 5017)
  AUTHORS   Alberati-Giani,D., Cesura,A.M., Broger,C., Warren,W.D., Rover,S.
            and Malherbe,P.
  TITLE     Cloning and functional expression of human kynurenine
            3-monooxygenase
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 410 (2-3), 407-412 (1997)
   PUBMED   9237672
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AU137977.1, Y13153.1,
            AK291558.1, AF056032.1, AL133390.7, CB989076.1, AI262990.1 and
            DB373228.1.
            
            On Nov 24, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_003679.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a mitochondrion outer membrane protein
            that catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-tryptophan metabolite,
            L-kynurenine, to form L-3-hydroxykynurenine. Studies in yeast
            identified this gene as a therapeutic target for Huntington
            disease. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF056032.1, AK291558.1 [ECO:0000332]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000366559.9/ ENSP00000355517.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-29                AU137977.1         245-273
            30-1420             Y13153.1           15-1405
            1421-1662           AK291558.1         1421-1662
            1663-2174           AF056032.1         1642-2153
            2175-3221           AF056032.1         2162-3208
            3222-3866           AL133390.7         18021-18665
            3867-4313           CB989076.1         28-474
            4314-4570           AL133390.7         19113-19369
            4571-5013           AI262990.1         1-443               c
            5014-5017           DB373228.1         6-9                 c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..5017
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="1"
                     /map="1q43"
     gene            1..5017
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /note="kynurenine 3-monooxygenase"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:8564"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:6381"
                     /db_xref="MIM:603538"
     exon            1..121
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             68..1528
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /EC_number="1.14.13.9"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     kynurenine 3-hydroxylase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="kynurenine 3-monooxygenase isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_003670.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS1618.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:8564"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:6381"
                     /db_xref="MIM:603538"
                     /translation="MDSSVIQRKKVAVIGGGLVGSLQACFLAKRNFQIDVYEAREDTR
                     VATFTRGRSINLALSHRGRQALKAVGLEDQIVSQGIPMRARMIHSLSGKKSAIPYGTK
                     SQYILSVSRENLNKDLLTAAEKYPNVKMHFNHRLLKCNPEEGMITVLGSDKVPKDVTC
                     DLIVGCDGAYSTVRSHLMKKPRFDYSQQYIPHGYMELTIPPKNGDYAMEPNYLHIWPR
                     NTFMMIALPNMNKSFTCTLFMPFEEFEKLLTSNDVVDFFQKYFPDAIPLIGEKLLVQD
                     FFLLPAQPMISVKCSSFHFKSHCVLLGDAAHAIVPFFGQGMNAGFEDCLVFDELMDKF
                     SNDLSLCLPVFSRLRIPDDHAISDLSMYNYIEMRAHVNSSWFIFQKNMERFLHAIMPS
                     TFIPLYTMVTFSRIRYHEAVQRWHWQKKVINKGLFFLGSLIAISSTYLLIHYMSPRSF
                     LRLRRPWNWIAHFRNTTCFPAKAVDSLEQISNLISR"
     exon            122..191
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            192..289
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            290..379
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            380..428
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            429..516
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            517..682
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            683..754
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            755..876
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            877..1024
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1025..1082
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1083..1165
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1166..1267
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1268..1327
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1328..5017
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1644..1649
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      1663
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      4995..5000
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      5017
                     /gene="KMO"
                     /gene_synonym="dJ317G22.1"
ORIGIN      
        1 gagacacaga aatcagtgtc actcagtgac agaagcaaca ataattgtga aaaatacttc
       61 agcagttatg gactcatctg tcattcaaag gaaaaaagta gctgtcattg gtggtggctt
      121 ggttggctca ttacaagcat gctttcttgc aaagaggaat ttccagattg atgtatatga
      181 agctagggaa gatactcgag tggctacctt cacacgtgga agaagcatta acttagccct
      241 ttctcataga ggacgacaag ccttgaaagc tgttggcctg gaagatcaga ttgtatccca
      301 aggtattccc atgagagcaa gaatgatcca ctctctttca ggaaaaaagt ctgcaattcc
      361 ctatgggaca aagtctcagt atattctttc tgtaagcaga gaaaatctaa acaaggatct
      421 attgactgct gctgagaaat accccaatgt gaaaatgcac tttaaccaca ggctgttgaa
      481 atgtaatcca gaggaaggaa tgatcacagt gcttggatct gacaaagttc ccaaagatgt
      541 cacttgtgac ctcattgtag gatgtgatgg agcctattca actgtcagat ctcacctgat
      601 gaagaaacct cgctttgatt acagtcagca gtacattcct catgggtaca tggagttgac
      661 tattccacct aagaacggag attatgccat ggaacctaat tatctgcata tttggcctag
      721 aaataccttt atgatgattg cacttcctaa catgaacaaa tcattcacat gtactttgtt
      781 catgcccttt gaagagtttg aaaaacttct aaccagtaat gatgtggtag atttcttcca
      841 gaaatacttt ccggatgcca tccctctaat tggagagaaa ctcctagtgc aagatttctt
      901 cctgttgcct gcccagccca tgatatctgt aaagtgctct tcatttcact ttaaatctca
      961 ctgtgtactg ctgggagatg cagctcatgc tatagtgccg ttttttgggc aaggaatgaa
     1021 tgcgggcttt gaagactgct tggtatttga tgagttaatg gataaattca gtaacgacct
     1081 tagtttgtgt cttcctgtgt tctcaagatt gagaatccca gatgatcacg cgatttcaga
     1141 cctatccatg tacaattaca tagagatgcg agcacatgtc aactcaagct ggttcatttt
     1201 tcagaagaac atggagagat ttcttcatgc gattatgcca tcgaccttta tccctctcta
     1261 tacaatggtc actttttcca gaataagata ccatgaggct gtgcagcgtt ggcattggca
     1321 aaaaaaggtg ataaacaaag gactcttttt cttgggatca ctgatagcca tcagcagtac
     1381 ctacctactt atacactaca tgtcaccacg atctttcctc cgcttgagaa gaccatggaa
     1441 ctggatagct cacttccgga atacaacatg tttccccgca aaggccgtgg actccctaga
     1501 acaaatttcc aatctcatta gcaggtgata gaaaggtttt gtggtagcaa atgcatgatt
     1561 tctctgtgac caaaattaag catgaaaaaa atgtttccat tgccatattt gattcactag
     1621 tggaagatag tgttctgctt ataattaaac tgaatgtaga gtatctctgt atgttaattg
     1681 caattactgg ttggggggtg cattttaaaa gatgaaacat gcagcttccc tacattacac
     1741 acactcaggt tgagtcattc taactataaa agtgcaatga ctaagatcct tcacttctct
     1801 gaaagtaagg ccctagatgc ctcagggaag acagtaatca tgccttttct ttaaaagaca
     1861 caataggact cgcaacagca ttgactcaac acctaggact aaaaatcaca acttaactag
     1921 catgttaact gcacttttca ttacgtgaat ggaacttacc taaccacagg gctcagactt
     1981 actagataaa accagaaatg gaaataagga attcagggga gttccagaga cttacaaaat
     2041 gaactcattt tattttccca ccttcaaata taagtattat catctatctg tttatcgtct
     2101 atctatctat catctatcta tctatctatc atctatctat ctatctatct atctatctat
     2161 ctatctatct atctctattt atttatgtat ttagagatca ggtctcactc tgttgaccag
     2221 gctggagtgc agtggtgaga tctgggttca ctgcaacctc tgcctcctgg gctcaagcaa
     2281 tcctcccact tcagcctccc aaatagctgg ggctaccatg gtatttttca gtagagaccg
     2341 ggtcttgcca tgctgcccag gccagtctca aactcctggc ctcatgtgat ctgcccacct
     2401 cagcctccca aagtacaggg attagagttg tgagccaccg ctgccagccc agagttaccc
     2461 tctaaagata agaaaaaggc tattaatatc atactaagtg aaggacagga aagggtttta
     2521 ttcataaatt aaatgtctac atgtgccaga atggaaagga aacaagggga gacaactttt
     2581 atagaaatac aaagccatta ctttattcaa tttcagaccc tcagaagcaa tttactaatt
     2641 tattcttcga ctacatactg cagcagaacc agcaatacac ttgattttta aaagcacatt
     2701 tagtgaaatg ttttctttgg ttcatccttc tttaacaggc tgctgagtca ctcagaaatc
     2761 cttcaaacat gattaattat gaagatgaaa cactagagtc atataagaaa taaaaattgg
     2821 gcaataaaat aaaatgattc agtgtttctt ttctatattg tcaatgaaaa ccttgagttc
     2881 taataatcca tgttcagttt gtagggaaag aaaaaataat ttttccttct acccacttta
     2941 ggttccttgg ctggggcccc tataacaaaa gacagattga caagagaaaa acaaacataa
     3001 atttattagc gggtatatgt aatatatatg tgggaaatac aggggaatga gcaaatctca
     3061 aagagctggc gtcttagaac tccctggctt atatagcatc gacaaagaac agtaaatttt
     3121 tagagaaaca acaaaacaaa gaaaaagagc tttgagtctg taggggcagc aatttggggg
     3181 aagcaaatat atgggagttt gccttgtaga ttcctctggt gctggtctcc aggctgacaa
     3241 ggattcaaag ttgtctctga aactcctctt tgtcatactg cacatataaa acgtcttttg
     3301 tttccaacaa gaggattttc tttttcattc tagaattatc tccttgataa cttgatcaga
     3361 tataggacat gacactgaat agagtccaac agtacaaaaa aaattcagta tgttctagct
     3421 acttcacaca tgtgtacgcg acagttattt ttacagtaag gtattttcga gaaaaatgca
     3481 ttacgtgttt tggaaaatag agtaatttaa aaaatatatt tgaaatgaaa atctccaaca
     3541 cattagaaga tgatgatgtt agatgcccat cgtgtgccac aagtggtttt ttcattatgt
     3601 aaagcacccg ttgaattaaa agaatttgtt tttgttcaac ctcttcctga ggcccaagag
     3661 catatgggca attcggattt cctgctggac cacaaggttc tgttgatatt acatagaacg
     3721 ggtattccag acacttctta tgatgaaagt ccaaaagtgg catccaattt aaggccccat
     3781 ctttcgttgc cattcttcat tcctacaaag gacgaacttg gattacatca actttggacc
     3841 cattggtttt gtcgctgtcg tcaactgaca gtgattcatc actggtgatg ataaaaatga
     3901 tggaagaaga gttgaaagtc acttttttct ttggcctgtc cccatctttc tgtgacatca
     3961 caatgggtct gatctgcatt tcacttccag ctgctggtag gtctttagca ggcctctggc
     4021 acctcagcag tcggaggcac agaagctgca aaagggatct tcgaaactgg gcagagaaaa
     4081 aataaagtgg aatattaagt aaaagttggg cactaatctg gattaacatt cgaggaaatc
     4141 agttgagctg aatttaagtt gttttttgtt tgttagcagg tgtggatgtg gggttatgtg
     4201 gtcatgctca gatctaccta aatcacccca gagctttatg tcttttattc attctaattc
     4261 ttattaaccg gaatatgtag gaccatttca ataccttgta atcctccaag cttcaatctg
     4321 cacacacttt ctatgagggc aggtacaact attaagagat tttgaacatt aagttagtcc
     4381 acaaatattc agtgggcatc tactaggtga cagccactgt gctataatta gagacttttt
     4441 actataagca tcaaaaacag ataaggctct tcctggcaga gtttacagcc tggtgtactt
     4501 gctaatgtct ctttaattag gtgaagaatt ttttttttct atcgaaatta ctaatcagtt
     4561 ggggaaaaaa atactatagc agacagcact aatgtcatca acaaacattg ttcttctccg
     4621 tgtcctgggt acaacatcga ataatatttc ttggcctcct ttccgcttct cctctctgct
     4681 gttcctctct acaagaacct gggaggccaa cgcctaaaga tcataatatc acacaatgga
     4741 aggaacctag attcctaaat gactgcatag gacagatccc atctcctcca cccaatacat
     4801 tattagactg aactgtgacc tgaaatgagc aataaactct gtattaattc actgaaatgt
     4861 tggggttgct tgttatagta gtcggtccat catgaccagt aaaacataaa tcaaaagtta
     4921 atgtaattgt tatcccatta tttagagcga aataaatgtt gaatatatgg actttctcag
     4981 attaggaaat accaattaaa aatataataa atagcta
//
