LOCUS       NM_001127598            4671 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 08-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2), transcript
            variant 3, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001127598
VERSION     NM_001127598.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Li,X., Huang,L., Liu,B., Zhang,Z., Zhou,G., Guo,Z., Song,J. and
            Wang,X.
  TITLE     Cyclic negative pressure promotes chondrocyte growth: Association
            of IGF-2 with EGR-1
  JOURNAL   Biomol Biomed 24 (6), 1761-1775 (2024)
   PUBMED   38912889
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Cyclic negative pressure promotes chondrocyte growth:
            Association of IGF-2 with EGR-1.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Vos,S., Van den Bergh,B.R.H., Martens,D.S., Bijnens,E., Shkedy,Z.,
            Kindermans,H., Platzer,M., Schwab,M. and Nawrot,T.S.
  TITLE     Maternal perceived stress and green spaces during pregnancy are
            associated with adult offspring gene (NR3C1 and IGF2/H19)
            methylation patterns in adulthood: A pilot study
  JOURNAL   Psychoneuroendocrinology 167, 107088 (2024)
   PUBMED   38924829
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Maternal perceived stress and green spaces during
            pregnancy are associated with adult offspring gene (NR3C1 and
            IGF2/H19) methylation patterns in adulthood: A pilot study.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Mirbahari,S.N., Fatemi,N., Savabkar,S., Chaleshi,V., Zali,N.,
            Taleghani,M.Y., Mirzaei,E., Rejali,L., Moghadam,P.K. and
            Mojarad,E.N.
  TITLE     Unmasking early colorectal cancer clues: in silico and in vitro
            investigation of downregulated IGF2, SOCS1, MLH1, and CACNA1G in
            SSA polyps
  JOURNAL   Mol Biol Rep 51 (1), 764 (2024)
   PUBMED   38874740
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Unmasking early colorectal cancer clues: in silico and in
            vitro investigation of downregulated IGF2, SOCS1, MLH1, and CACNA1G
            in SSA polyps.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Rainier,S., Johnson,L.A., Dobry,C.J., Ping,A.J., Grundy,P.E. and
            Feinberg,A.P.
  TITLE     Relaxation of imprinted genes in human cancer
  JOURNAL   Nature 362 (6422), 747-749 (1993)
   PUBMED   8385745
  REMARK    GeneRIF: IGF2 gene is imprinted, with expression from only the
            paternal allele.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Shuman,C., Kalish,J.M. and Weksberg,R.
  TITLE     Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE and
            Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301568
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Saal,H.M., Harbison,M.D. and Netchine,I.
  TITLE     Silver-Russell Syndrome
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE and
            Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301499
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Turner,J.T., Brzezinski,J. and Dome,J.S.
  TITLE     Wilms Tumor Predisposition
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE and
            Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301471
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Daimon,M., Johnson,T.R., Ilan,J. and Ilan,J.
  TITLE     The third IGF-II promoter specifies transcription of three
            transcripts out of five in human placenta
  JOURNAL   Mol Reprod Dev 33 (4), 413-417 (1992)
   PUBMED   1282023
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Sussenbach,J.S., Steenbergh,P.H. and Holthuizen,P.
  TITLE     Structure and expression of the human insulin-like growth factor
            genes
  JOURNAL   Growth Regul 2 (1), 1-9 (1992)
   PUBMED   1486331
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4671)
  AUTHORS   Rinderknecht,E. and Humbel,R.E.
  TITLE     Primary structure of human insulin-like growth factor II
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 89 (2), 283-286 (1978)
   PUBMED   658418
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BE270173.1, BP233290.1,
            AC132217.15, AK025719.1, BC073756.1 and BQ014465.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On May 31, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001127598.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the insulin family of
            polypeptide growth factors, which are involved in development and
            growth. It is an imprinted gene, expressed only from the paternal
            allele, and epigenetic changes at this locus are associated with
            Wilms tumour, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, rhabdomyosarcoma, and
            Silver-Russell syndrome. A read-through INS-IGF2 gene exists, whose
            5' region overlaps the INS gene and the 3' region overlaps this
            gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different
            isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct
            2010].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains two alternate exons
            at the 5' end, one non-coding and another coding, compared to
            variant 1. This results in the use of an upstream AUG (not found in
            variants 1 and 2) and a longer isoform (2) with a distinct
            N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data because no single transcript was available
            for the full length of the gene. The extent of this transcript is
            supported by transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR14038196.1265659.1,
                                           SRR14038192.487361.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2142853, SAMEA2145774
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            imprinted gene :: PMID: 8385745
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-195               BE270173.1         3-197               c
            196-608             BP233290.1         171-583
            609-3199            AC132217.15        114449-117039
            3200-4573           AK025719.1         814-2187
            4574-4668           BC073756.1         1017-1111
            4669-4671           BQ014465.1         24-26               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4671
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="11"
                     /map="11p15.5"
     gene            1..4671
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /note="insulin like growth factor 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3481"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:5466"
                     /db_xref="MIM:147470"
     exon            1..87
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            88..252
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             91..801
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 3;
                     insulin-like growth factor type 2; insulin-like growth
                     factor 2 (somatomedin A); T3M-11-derived growth factor;
                     preptin"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="insulin-like growth factor 2 isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_001121070.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS44517.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3481"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:5466"
                     /db_xref="MIM:147470"
                     /translation="MVSPDPQIIVVAPETELASMQVQRTEDGVTIIQIFWVGRKGELL
                     RRTPVSSAMQTPMGIPMGKSMLVLLTFLAFASCCIAAYRPSETLCGGELVDTLQFVCG
                     DRGFYFSRPASRVSRRSRGIVEECCFRSCDLALLETYCATPAKSERDVSTPPTVLPDN
                     FPRYPVGKFFQYDTWKQSTQRLRRGLPALLRARRGHVLAKELEAFREAKRHRPLIALP
                     TQDPAHGGAPPEMASNRK"
     exon            253..415
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            416..564
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            565..4671
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4650..4655
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      4671
                     /gene="IGF2"
                     /gene_synonym="C11orf43; GRDF; IGF-II; PP9974; SRS3"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agcagcgtcc accgcctgcc acagagcgtt cgatcgctcg ctgcctgagc tcctggtgcg
       61 cccgcggacg cagcctccag cttcgcggag atggtttccc cagaccccca aattatcgtg
      121 gtggcccccg agaccgaact cgcgtctatg caagtccaac gcactgagga cggggtaacc
      181 attatccaga tattttgggt gggccgcaaa ggcgagctac ttagacgcac cccggtgagc
      241 tcggccatgc agacaccaat gggaatccca atggggaagt cgatgctggt gcttctcacc
      301 ttcttggcct tcgcctcgtg ctgcattgct gcttaccgcc ccagtgagac cctgtgcggc
      361 ggggagctgg tggacaccct ccagttcgtc tgtggggacc gcggcttcta cttcagcagg
      421 cccgcaagcc gtgtgagccg tcgcagccgt ggcatcgttg aggagtgctg tttccgcagc
      481 tgtgacctgg ccctcctgga gacgtactgt gctacccccg ccaagtccga gagggacgtg
      541 tcgacccctc cgaccgtgct tccggacaac ttccccagat accccgtggg caagttcttc
      601 caatatgaca cctggaagca gtccacccag cgcctgcgca ggggcctgcc tgccctcctg
      661 cgtgcccgcc ggggtcacgt gctcgccaag gagctcgagg cgttcaggga ggccaaacgt
      721 caccgtcccc tgattgctct acccacccaa gaccccgccc acgggggcgc ccccccagag
      781 atggccagca atcggaagtg agcaaaactg ccgcaagtct gcagcccggc gccaccatcc
      841 tgcagcctcc tcctgaccac ggacgtttcc atcaggttcc atcccgaaaa tctctcggtt
      901 ccacgtcccc ctggggcttc tcctgaccca gtccccgtgc cccgcctccc cgaaacaggc
      961 tactctcctc ggccccctcc atcgggctga ggaagcacag cagcatcttc aaacatgtac
     1021 aaaatcgatt ggctttaaac acccttcaca taccctcccc ccaaattatc cccaattatc
     1081 cccacacata aaaaatcaaa acattaaact aacccccttc cccccccccc acaacaaccc
     1141 tcttaaaact aattggcttt ttagaaacac cccacaaaag ctcagaaatt ggctttaaaa
     1201 aaaacaacca ccaaaaaaaa tcaattggct aaaaaaaaaa agtattaaaa acgaattggc
     1261 tgagaaacaa ttggcaaaat aaaggaattt ggcactcccc acccccctct ttctcttctc
     1321 ccttggactt tgagtcaaat tggcctggac ttgagtccct gaaccagcaa agagaaaaga
     1381 aggaccccag aaatcacagg tgggcacgtc gctgctaccg ccatctccct tctcacggga
     1441 attttcaggg taaactggcc atccgaaaat agcaacaacc cagactggct cctcactccc
     1501 ttttccatca ctaaaaatca cagagcagtc agagggaccc agtaagacca aaggagggga
     1561 ggacagagca tgaaaaccaa aatccatgca aatgaaatgt aattggcacg accctcaccc
     1621 ccaaatctta catctcaatt cccatcctaa aaagcactca tactttatgc atccccgcag
     1681 ctacacacac acaacacaca gcacacgcat gaacacagca cacacacgag cacagcacac
     1741 acacaaacgc acagcacaca cagcacacag atgagcacac agcacacaca caaacgcaca
     1801 gcacacacac gcacacacat gcacacacag cacacaaacg cacggcacac acacgcacac
     1861 acatgcacac acagcacaca cacaaacgca cagcacacac aaacgcacag cacacacgca
     1921 cacacagcac acacacgagc acacagcaca caaacgcaca gcacacgcac acacatgcac
     1981 acacagcaca cacactagca cacagcacac acacaaagac acagcacaca catgcacaca
     2041 cagcacacac acgcgaacac agcacacacg aacacagcac acacagcaca cacacaaaca
     2101 cagcacacac atgcacacag cacacgcaca cacagcacac acatgaacac agcacacagc
     2161 acacacatgc acacacagca cacacgcatg cacagcacac atgaacacag cacacacaca
     2221 aacacacagc acacacatgc acacacagca cacacactca tgcgcagcac atacatgaac
     2281 acagctcaca gcacacaaac acgcagcaca cacgttgcac acgcaagcac ccacctgcac
     2341 acacacatgc gcacacacac gcacaccccc acaaaattgg atgaaaacaa taagcatatc
     2401 taagcaacta cgatatctgt atggatcagg ccaaagtccc gctaagattc tccaatgttt
     2461 tcatggtctg agccccgctc ctgttcccat ctccactgcc cctcggccct gtctgtgccc
     2521 tgcctctcag aggagggggc tcagatggtg cggcctgagt gtgcggccgg cggcatttgg
     2581 gatacacccg tagggtgggc ggggtgtgtc ccaggcctaa ttccatcttt ccaccatgac
     2641 agagatgccc ttgtgaggct ggcctccttg gcgcctgtcc ccacggcccc cgcagcgtga
     2701 gccacgatgc tccccatacc ccacccattc ccgatacacc ttacttactg tgtgttggcc
     2761 cagccagagt gaggaaggag tttggccaca ttggagatgg cggtagctga gcagacatgc
     2821 ccccacgagt agcctgactc cctggtgtgc tcctggaagg aagatcttgg ggaccccccc
     2881 accggagcac acctagggat catctttgcc cgtctcctgg ggacccccca agaaatgtgg
     2941 agtcctcggg ggccgtgcac tgatgcgggg agtgtgggaa gtctggcggt tggaggggtg
     3001 ggtggggggc agtgggggct gggcgggggg agttctgggg taggaagtgg tcccgggaga
     3061 ttttggatgg aaaagtcagg aggattgaca gcagacttgc agaattacat agagaaatta
     3121 ggaaccccca aatttcatgt caattgatct attccccctc tttgtttctt ggggcatttt
     3181 tccttttttt tttttttttg tttttttttt acccctcctt agctttatgc gctcagaaac
     3241 caaattaaac ccccccccca tgtaacaggg gggcagtgac aaaagcaaga acgcacgaag
     3301 ccagcctgga gaccaccacg tcctgccccc cgccatttat cgccctgatt ggattttgtt
     3361 tttcatctgt ccctgttgct tgggttgagt tgagggtgga gcctcctggg gggcactggc
     3421 cactgagccc ccttggagaa gtcagagggg agtggagaag gccactgtcc ggcctggctt
     3481 ctggggacag tggctggtcc ccagaagtcc tgagggcgga ggggggggtt gggcagggtc
     3541 tcctcaggtg tcaggagggt gctcggaggc cacaggaggg ggctcctggc tggcctgagg
     3601 ctggccggag gggaaggggc tagcaggtgt gtaaacagag ggttccatca ggctggggca
     3661 gggtggccgc cttccgcaca cttgaggaac cctcccctct ccctcggtga catcttgccc
     3721 gcccctcagc accctgcctt gtctccagga ggtccgaagc tctgtgggac ctcttggggg
     3781 caaggtgggg tgaggccggg gagtagggag gtcaggcggg tctgagccca cagagcagga
     3841 gagctgccag gtctgcccat cgaccaggtt gcttgggccc cggagcccac gggtctggtg
     3901 atgccatagc agccaccacc gcggcgccta gggctgcggc agggactcgg cctctgggag
     3961 gtttacctcg cccccacttg tgcccccagc tcagcccccc tgcacgcagc ccgactagca
     4021 gtctagaggc ctgaggcttc tgggtcctgg tgacggggct ggcatgaccc cgggggtcgt
     4081 ccatgccagt ccgcctcagt cgcagagggt ccctcggcaa gcgccctgtg agtgggccat
     4141 tcggaacatt ggacagaagc ccaaagagcc aaattgtcac aattgtggaa cccacattgg
     4201 cctgagatcc aaaacgcttc gaggcacccc aaattacctg cccattcgtc aggacaccca
     4261 cccacccagt gttatattct gcctcgccgg agtgggtgtt cccgggggca cttgccgacc
     4321 agccccttgc gtccccaggt ttgcagctct cccctgggcc actaaccatc ctggcccggg
     4381 ctgcctgtct gacctccgtg cctagtcgtg gctctccatc ttgtctcctc cccgtgtccc
     4441 caatgtcttc agtggggggc cccctcttgg gtcccctcct ctgccatcac ctgaagaccc
     4501 ccacgccaaa cactgaatgt cacctgtgcc tgccgcctcg gtccaccttg cggcccgtgt
     4561 ttgactcaac tcaactcctt taacgctaat atttccggca aaatcccatg cttgggtttt
     4621 gtctttaacc ttgtaacgct tgcaatccca ataaagcatt aaaagtcatg a
//
