LOCUS       NM_002176                839 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 02-APR-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens interferon beta 1 (IFNB1), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002176
VERSION     NM_002176.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Xu,Z., Tian,M., Tan,Q., Hao,P., Gao,Z., Li,C. and Jin,N.
  TITLE     FHL2 Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Enhancing IFN-beta
            Expression through Regulating IRF-3
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 25 (1), 353 (2023)
   PUBMED   38203523
  REMARK    GeneRIF: FHL2 Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Enhancing IFN-beta
            Expression through Regulating IRF-3.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Wright,O., Harris,A., Nguyen,V.D., Zhou,Y., Durand,M.,
            Jayyaratnam,A., Gormley,D., O'Neill,L.A.J., Triantafilou,K.,
            Nichols,E.M. and Booty,L.M.
  TITLE     C5aR2 Regulates STING-Mediated Interferon Beta Production in Human
            Macrophages
  JOURNAL   Cells 12 (23), 2707 (2023)
   PUBMED   38067135
  REMARK    GeneRIF: C5aR2 Regulates STING-Mediated Interferon Beta Production
            in Human Macrophages.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Schwanke,H., Stempel,M. and Brinkmann,M.M.
  TITLE     Of Keeping and Tipping the Balance: Host Regulation and Viral
            Modulation of IRF3-Dependent IFNB1 Expression
  JOURNAL   Viruses 12 (7), 733 (2020)
   PUBMED   32645843
  REMARK    Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Teles,R.M., Graeber,T.G., Krutzik,S.R., Montoya,D., Schenk,M.,
            Lee,D.J., Komisopoulou,E., Kelly-Scumpia,K., Chun,R., Iyer,S.S.,
            Sarno,E.N., Rea,T.H., Hewison,M., Adams,J.S., Popper,S.J.,
            Relman,D.A., Stenger,S., Bloom,B.R., Cheng,G. and Modlin,R.L.
  TITLE     Type I interferon suppresses type II interferon-triggered human
            anti-mycobacterial responses
  JOURNAL   Science 339 (6126), 1448-1453 (2013)
   PUBMED   23449998
  REMARK    GeneRIF: IFN-gamma and its downstream antimicrobial genes were
            preferentially expressed in self-healing tuberculoid lesions and
            mediated antimicrobial activity against M.leprae in vitro; IFN-beta
            and its downstream genes,including IL-10, were induced in monocytes
            by M.leprae and preferentially expressed in disseminated and
            progressive lepromatous lesions
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Karpusas,M., Nolte,M., Benton,C.B., Meier,W., Lipscomb,W.N. and
            Goelz,S.
  TITLE     The crystal structure of human interferon beta at 2.2-A resolution
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 (22), 11813-11818 (1997)
   PUBMED   9342320
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Flores,I., Mariano,T.M. and Pestka,S.
  TITLE     Human interferon omega (omega) binds to the alpha/beta receptor
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 266 (30), 19875-19877 (1991)
   PUBMED   1834641
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Silverman,R.H. and Sengupta,D.N.
  TITLE     Translational regulation by HIV leader RNA, TAT, and
            interferon-inducible enzymes
  JOURNAL   J Exp Pathol 5 (2), 69-77 (1990)
   PUBMED   1708818
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Shepard,H.M., Leung,D., Stebbing,N. and Goeddel,D.V.
  TITLE     A single amino acid change in IFN-beta1 abolishes its antiviral
            activity
  JOURNAL   Nature 294 (5841), 563-565 (1981)
   PUBMED   6171735
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Ohno,S. and Taniguchi,T.
  TITLE     Structure of a chromosomal gene for human interferon beta
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 78 (9), 5305-5309 (1981)
   PUBMED   16593086
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 839)
  AUTHORS   Derynck,R., Content,J., DeClercq,E., Volckaert,G., Tavernier,J.,
            Devos,R. and Fiers,W.
  TITLE     Isolation and structure of a human fibroblast interferon gene
  JOURNAL   Nature 285 (5766), 542-547 (1980)
   PUBMED   6157094
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from M28622.1 and AL390882.12.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_002176.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a cytokine that belongs to the
            interferon family of signaling proteins, which are released as part
            of the innate immune response to pathogens. The protein encoded by
            this gene belongs to the type I class of interferons, which are
            important for defense against viral infections. In addition, type I
            interferons are involved in cell differentiation and anti-tumor
            defenses. Following secretion in response to a pathogen, type I
            interferons bind a homologous receptor complex and induce
            transcription of genes such as those encoding inflammatory
            cytokines and chemokines. Overactivation of type I interferon
            secretion is linked to autoimmune diseases. Mice deficient for this
            gene display several phenotypes including defects in B cell
            maturation and increased susceptibility to viral infection.
            [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript is intronless :: M28622.1, V00546.1 [ECO:0000345]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            coronavirus related    :: involved in cytokine storm inflammatory
                                      response
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000380232.4/ ENSP00000369581.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-838               M28622.1           3-840
            839-839             AL390882.12        91362-91362
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..839
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="9"
                     /map="9p21.3"
     gene            1..839
                     /gene="IFNB1"
                     /gene_synonym="IFB; IFF; IFN-beta; IFNB"
                     /note="interferon beta 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3456"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:5434"
                     /db_xref="MIM:147640"
     exon            1..839
                     /gene="IFNB1"
                     /gene_synonym="IFB; IFF; IFN-beta; IFNB"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             74..637
                     /gene="IFNB1"
                     /gene_synonym="IFB; IFF; IFN-beta; IFNB"
                     /note="fibroblast interferon; interferon, beta 1,
                     fibroblast; interferon-beta"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="interferon beta precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_002167.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS6495.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3456"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:5434"
                     /db_xref="MIM:147640"
                     /translation="MTNKCLLQIALLLCFSTTALSMSYNLLGFLQRSSNFQCQKLLWQ
                     LNGRLEYCLKDRMNFDIPEEIKQLQQFQKEDAALTIYEMLQNIFAIFRQDSSSTGWNE
                     TIVENLLANVYHQINHLKTVLEEKLEKEDFTRGKLMSSLHLKRYYGRILHYLKAKEYS
                     HCAWTIVRVEILRNFYFINRLTGYLRN"
     regulatory      812..817
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="IFNB1"
                     /gene_synonym="IFB; IFF; IFN-beta; IFNB"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      839
                     /gene="IFNB1"
                     /gene_synonym="IFB; IFF; IFN-beta; IFNB"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 attctaactg caacctttcg aagcctttgc tctggcacaa caggtagtag gcgacactgt
       61 tcgtgttgtc aacatgacca acaagtgtct cctccaaatt gctctcctgt tgtgcttctc
      121 cactacagct ctttccatga gctacaactt gcttggattc ctacaaagaa gcagcaattt
      181 tcagtgtcag aagctcctgt ggcaattgaa tgggaggctt gaatactgcc tcaaggacag
      241 gatgaacttt gacatccctg aggagattaa gcagctgcag cagttccaga aggaggacgc
      301 cgcattgacc atctatgaga tgctccagaa catctttgct attttcagac aagattcatc
      361 tagcactggc tggaatgaga ctattgttga gaacctcctg gctaatgtct atcatcagat
      421 aaaccatctg aagacagtcc tggaagaaaa actggagaaa gaagatttca ccaggggaaa
      481 actcatgagc agtctgcacc tgaaaagata ttatgggagg attctgcatt acctgaaggc
      541 caaggagtac agtcactgtg cctggaccat agtcagagtg gaaatcctaa ggaactttta
      601 cttcattaac agacttacag gttacctccg aaactgaaga tctcctagcc tgtgcctctg
      661 ggactggaca attgcttcaa gcattcttca accagcagat gctgtttaag tgactgatgg
      721 ctaatgtact gcatatgaaa ggacactaga agattttgaa atttttatta aattatgagt
      781 tatttttatt tatttaaatt ttattttgga aaataaatta tttttggtgc aaaagtcaa
//
