LOCUS       NM_002105               1592 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 05-AUG-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens H2A.X variant histone (H2AX), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002105
VERSION     NM_002105.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Ognibene,M., Parodi,S., Amoroso,L., Zara,F. and Pezzolo,A.
  TITLE     Overexpression of H2AFX gene in neuroblastoma is associated with
            worse prognosis
  JOURNAL   Pediatr Blood Cancer 71 (9), e31146 (2024)
   PUBMED   38938078
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Overexpression of H2AFX gene in neuroblastoma is
            associated with worse prognosis.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Dibitetto,D., Liptay,M., Vivalda,F., Dogan,H., Gogola,E., Gonzalez
            Fernandez,M., Duarte,A., Schmid,J.A., Decollogny,M., Francica,P.,
            Przetocka,S., Durant,S.T., Forment,J.V., Klebic,I., Siffert,M., de
            Bruijn,R., Kousholt,A.N., Marti,N.A., Dettwiler,M., Sorensen,C.S.,
            Tille,J.C., Undurraga,M., Labidi-Galy,I., Lopes,M., Sartori,A.A.,
            Jonkers,J. and Rottenberg,S.
  TITLE     H2AX promotes replication fork degradation and chemosensitivity in
            BRCA-deficient tumours
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 15 (1), 4430 (2024)
   PUBMED   38789420
  REMARK    GeneRIF: H2AX promotes replication fork degradation and
            chemosensitivity in BRCA-deficient tumours.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Huang,X., Liu,C., Li,H., Dai,T., Luo,G., Zhang,C., Li,T. and Lu,M.
  TITLE     Hypoxia-responsive lncRNA G077640 promotes ESCC tumorigenesis via
            the H2AX-HIF1alpha-glycolysis axis
  JOURNAL   Carcinogenesis 44 (5), 383-393 (2023)
   PUBMED   37248865
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Hypoxia-responsive lncRNA G077640 promotes ESCC
            tumorigenesis via the H2AX-HIF1alpha-glycolysis axis.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Furuya,K., Ikura,M. and Ikura,T.
  TITLE     Machine learning extracts oncogenic-specific gamma-H2AX foci
            formation pattern upon genotoxic stress
  JOURNAL   Genes Cells 28 (3), 237-243 (2023)
   PUBMED   36565298
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Machine learning extracts oncogenic-specific gamma-H2AX
            foci formation pattern upon genotoxic stress.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Shaytan,A.K., Landsman,D. and Panchenko,A.R.
  TITLE     Nucleosome adaptability conferred by sequence and structural
            variations in histone H2A-H2B dimers
  JOURNAL   Curr Opin Struct Biol 32, 48-57 (2015)
   PUBMED   25731851
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Rogakou,E.P., Pilch,D.R., Orr,A.H., Ivanova,V.S. and Bonner,W.M.
  TITLE     DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on
            serine 139
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 273 (10), 5858-5868 (1998)
   PUBMED   9488723
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Banerjee,S., Smallwood,A. and Hulten,M.
  TITLE     ATP-dependent reorganization of human sperm nuclear chromatin
  JOURNAL   J Cell Sci 108 (Pt 2), 755-765 (1995)
   PUBMED   7769017
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Ivanova,V.S., Hatch,C.L. and Bonner,W.M.
  TITLE     Characterization of the human histone H2A.X gene. Comparison of its
            promoter with other H2A gene promoters
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 269 (39), 24189-24194 (1994)
   PUBMED   7929075
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Ivanova,V.S., Zimonjic,D., Popescu,N. and Bonner,W.M.
  TITLE     Chromosomal localization of the human histone H2A.X gene to
            11q23.2-q23.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization
  JOURNAL   Hum Genet 94 (3), 303-306 (1994)
   PUBMED   8076949
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1592)
  AUTHORS   Mannironi,C., Bonner,W.M. and Hatch,C.L.
  TITLE     H2A.X. a histone isoprotein with a conserved C-terminal sequence,
            is encoded by a novel mRNA with both DNA replication type and polyA
            3' processing signals
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 17 (22), 9113-9126 (1989)
   PUBMED   2587254
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AP003391.1.
            
            On Dec 3, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_002105.2.
            
            Summary: Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible
            for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in
            eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A,
            H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp
            of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The
            linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes
            and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order
            structures. This gene encodes a replication-independent histone
            that is a member of the histone H2A family, and generates two
            transcripts through the use of the conserved stem-loop termination
            motif, and the polyA addition motif. [provided by RefSeq, Oct
            2015].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript is intronless :: BC011694.2, X14850.1 [ECO:0000345]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match              :: ENST00000530167.2/
                                               ENSP00000434024.1
            RefSeq Select criteria          :: based on single protein-coding
                                               transcript
            replication-independent histone :: PMID: 25731851
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1592              AP003391.1         8646-10237          c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1592
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="11"
                     /map="11q23.3"
     gene            1..1592
                     /gene="H2AX"
                     /gene_synonym="H2A.X; H2A/X; H2AFX"
                     /note="H2A.X variant histone"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3014"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4739"
                     /db_xref="MIM:601772"
     exon            1..1592
                     /gene="H2AX"
                     /gene_synonym="H2A.X; H2A/X; H2AFX"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             72..503
                     /gene="H2AX"
                     /gene_synonym="H2A.X; H2A/X; H2AFX"
                     /note="H2AX histone; histone H2A.x; H2A histone family
                     member X"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="histone H2AX"
                     /protein_id="NP_002096.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS8410.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:3014"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4739"
                     /db_xref="MIM:601772"
                     /translation="MSGRGKTGGKARAKAKSRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRKGHYAERV
                     GAGAPVYLAAVLEYLTAEILELAGNAARDNKKTRIIPRHLQLAIRNDEELNKLLGGVT
                     IAQGGVLPNIQAVLLPKKTSATVGPKAPSGGKKATQASQEY"
     regulatory      1568..1573
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="H2AX"
                     /gene_synonym="H2A.X; H2A/X; H2AFX"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      1592
                     /gene="H2AX"
                     /gene_synonym="H2A.X; H2A/X; H2AFX"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agcagttaca ctgcggcggg cgtctgttct agtgtttgag ccgtcgtgct tcaccggtct
       61 acctcgctag catgtcgggc cgcggcaaga ctggcggcaa ggcccgcgcc aaggccaagt
      121 cgcgctcgtc gcgcgccggc ctccagttcc cagtgggccg tgtacaccgg ctgctgcgga
      181 agggccacta cgccgagcgc gttggcgccg gcgcgccagt gtacctggcg gcagtgctgg
      241 agtacctcac cgctgagatc ctggagctgg cgggcaatgc ggcccgcgac aacaagaaga
      301 cgcgaatcat cccccgccac ctgcagctgg ccatccgcaa cgacgaggag ctcaacaagc
      361 tgctgggcgg cgtgacgatc gcccagggag gcgtcctgcc caacatccag gccgtgctgc
      421 tgcccaagaa gaccagcgcc accgtggggc cgaaggcgcc ctcgggcggc aagaaggcca
      481 cccaggcctc ccaggagtac taagagggcc cgcgccgcgg ccggccgcca ggcctcccca
      541 tgccaccaca aaggcccttt taagggccac caccgccctc atggaaagag ctgagccgct
      601 tcagactgcg gggcaagcgg gccgcggctc ccttcccctc ccctcccctc gcccgccttc
      661 gccgcccggc ctcgagtccc cgcccgcccc cgctcccgtc ccgcaccgcc tgccgcgtcg
      721 gcctcgggcc ctgccctgtc cgccgtccgc cctccggtag ggttcgggcc ttccggatgc
      781 ggcttgggcg ctcttcgggg acctccgtgg cgcggaagac ccgagcctgc cggggggagg
      841 ccggcggcgc cgcacctgcc cgcctcggcg ttcgtgactc agccgcccca tcccgagtcg
      901 ctaaggggct gcggggaggc cgcagcacct tctggaagac ttggccttcc gctctgacgc
      961 agggccgagg tgggcagtcc aggccgagag gccggcggcc ctgaaggtga gtgaggccct
     1021 cggcagctgc agccggggtg tctggtaccc ccccggcgtg gtgcttagcc caggactttc
     1081 agacgcggcc gctggccggg aggctttggt gggagagacg cgatcgccga tttcggtctg
     1141 gcgccccttc tgcggccggg acccaggcct ttcacatcag ctctccctcc atcttcattc
     1201 ataggtctgc gctggggccg ggacgaagca cttggtaaca ggcacatctt cctcccgagt
     1261 gactgcctcc taggaggaca tttaggggag ggcagaggcc tgcagtttgg cttcacggct
     1321 ggctatgtgg acagcaagag tcgttttcgc ggaagccgac tggcagccag gcctgtcggg
     1381 ccccccgacg ccgccccatt tcccttccag caaactcaac tcggcaatcc aagcacctag
     1441 ataccagcac aagtcggtta atccctgtct ggactgagcc tccgttggct tctgaactgg
     1501 aattctgcag ctaacccttc cacgactaga accttaggca ttggggagtt ttagatggac
     1561 taattttatt aaaggattgt ttttttttta aa
//
