LOCUS       NM_001512               1240 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 20-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 (GSTA4), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001512
VERSION     NM_001512.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Navarrete-Perea,J., Cannon,J.R.,
            Baltier,K., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Thornock,A., Zarraga,G., Tam,S.,
            Szpyt,J., Gassaway,B.M., Panov,A., Parzen,H., Fu,S., Golbazi,A.,
            Maenpaa,E., Stricker,K., Guha Thakurta,S., Zhang,T., Rad,R.,
            Pan,J., Nusinow,D.P., Paulo,J.A., Schweppe,D.K., Vaites,L.P.,
            Harper,J.W. and Gygi,S.P.
  TITLE     Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the
            human interactome
  JOURNAL   Cell 184 (11), 3022-3040 (2021)
   PUBMED   33961781
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Luck,K., Kim,D.K., Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Begg,B.E., Bian,W.,
            Brignall,R., Cafarelli,T., Campos-Laborie,F.J., Charloteaux,B.,
            Choi,D., Cote,A.G., Daley,M., Deimling,S., Desbuleux,A., Dricot,A.,
            Gebbia,M., Hardy,M.F., Kishore,N., Knapp,J.J., Kovacs,I.A.,
            Lemmens,I., Mee,M.W., Mellor,J.C., Pollis,C., Pons,C.,
            Richardson,A.D., Schlabach,S., Teeking,B., Yadav,A., Babor,M.,
            Balcha,D., Basha,O., Bowman-Colin,C., Chin,S.F., Choi,S.G.,
            Colabella,C., Coppin,G., D'Amata,C., De Ridder,D., De Rouck,S.,
            Duran-Frigola,M., Ennajdaoui,H., Goebels,F., Goehring,L., Gopal,A.,
            Haddad,G., Hatchi,E., Helmy,M., Jacob,Y., Kassa,Y., Landini,S.,
            Li,R., van Lieshout,N., MacWilliams,A., Markey,D., Paulson,J.N.,
            Rangarajan,S., Rasla,J., Rayhan,A., Rolland,T., San-Miguel,A.,
            Shen,Y., Sheykhkarimli,D., Sheynkman,G.M., Simonovsky,E., Tasan,M.,
            Tejeda,A., Tropepe,V., Twizere,J.C., Wang,Y., Weatheritt,R.J.,
            Weile,J., Xia,Y., Yang,X., Yeger-Lotem,E., Zhong,Q., Aloy,P.,
            Bader,G.D., De Las Rivas,J., Gaudet,S., Hao,T., Rak,J.,
            Tavernier,J., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Roth,F.P. and Calderwood,M.A.
  TITLE     A reference map of the human binary protein interactome
  JOURNAL   Nature 580 (7803), 402-408 (2020)
   PUBMED   32296183
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Fragoza,R., Das,J., Wierbowski,S.D., Liang,J., Tran,T.N., Liang,S.,
            Beltran,J.F., Rivera-Erick,C.A., Ye,K., Wang,T.Y., Yao,L., Mort,M.,
            Stenson,P.D., Cooper,D.N., Wei,X., Keinan,A., Schimenti,J.C.,
            Clark,A.G. and Yu,H.
  TITLE     Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic variants
            across the allele frequency spectrum in human populations
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 10 (1), 4141 (2019)
   PUBMED   31515488
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Paulo,J.A., Cannon,J.R., Ting,L.,
            Baltier,K., Colby,G., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Parzen,H., Szpyt,J.,
            Tam,S., Zarraga,G., Pontano-Vaites,L., Swarup,S., White,A.E.,
            Schweppe,D.K., Rad,R., Erickson,B.K., Obar,R.A., Guruharsha,K.G.,
            Li,K., Artavanis-Tsakonas,S., Gygi,S.P. and Harper,J.W.
  TITLE     Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities
            and disease networks
  JOURNAL   Nature 545 (7655), 505-509 (2017)
   PUBMED   28514442
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Zhong,Q., Pevzner,S.J., Hao,T., Wang,Y., Mosca,R., Menche,J.,
            Taipale,M., Tasan,M., Fan,C., Yang,X., Haley,P., Murray,R.R.,
            Mer,F., Gebreab,F., Tam,S., MacWilliams,A., Dricot,A., Reichert,P.,
            Santhanam,B., Ghamsari,L., Calderwood,M.A., Rolland,T.,
            Charloteaux,B., Lindquist,S., Barabasi,A.L., Hill,D.E., Aloy,P.,
            Cusick,M.E., Xia,Y., Roth,F.P. and Vidal,M.
  TITLE     An inter-species protein-protein interaction network across vast
            evolutionary distance
  JOURNAL   Mol Syst Biol 12 (4), 865 (2016)
   PUBMED   27107014
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Bruns,C.M., Hubatsch,I., Ridderstrom,M., Mannervik,B. and
            Tainer,J.A.
  TITLE     Human glutathione transferase A4-4 crystal structures and
            mutagenesis reveal the basis of high catalytic efficiency with
            toxic lipid peroxidation products
  JOURNAL   J Mol Biol 288 (3), 427-439 (1999)
   PUBMED   10329152
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Desmots,F., Rauch,C., Henry,C., Guillouzo,A. and Morel,F.
  TITLE     Genomic organization, 5'-flanking region and chromosomal
            localization of the human glutathione transferase A4 gene
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 336 (Pt 2) (Pt 2), 437-442 (1998)
   PUBMED   9820822
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Liu,S., Stoesz,S.P. and Pickett,C.B.
  TITLE     Identification of a novel human glutathione S-transferase using
            bioinformatics
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 352 (2), 306-313 (1998)
   PUBMED   9587421
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Board,P.G.
  TITLE     Identification of cDNAs encoding two human alpha class glutathione
            transferases (GSTA3 and GSTA4) and the heterologous expression of
            GSTA4-4
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 330 (Pt 2) (Pt 2), 827-831 (1998)
   PUBMED   9480897
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1240)
  AUTHORS   Hubatsch,I., Ridderstrom,M. and Mannervik,B.
  TITLE     Human glutathione transferase A4-4: an alpha class enzyme with high
            catalytic efficiency in the conjugation of 4-hydroxynonenal and
            other genotoxic products of lipid peroxidation
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 330 (Pt 1) (Pt 1), 175-179 (1998)
   PUBMED   9461507
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA521337.1, AK315369.1,
            BC063439.1 and AA709059.1.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001512.3.
            
            Summary: Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione
            S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These
            enzymes are involved in cellular defense against toxic,
            carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds.
            At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic
            mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha,
            kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a
            glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha
            class genes, which are located in a cluster on chromosome 6, are
            highly related and encode enzymes with glutathione peroxidase
            activity that function in the detoxification of lipid peroxidation
            products. Reactive electrophiles produced by oxidative metabolism
            have been linked to a number of degenerative diseases including
            Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cataract formation, and
            atherosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF025887.1, SRR1163655.103801.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000370963.9/ ENSP00000360002.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-5                 DA521337.1         97-101
            6-723               AK315369.1         1-718
            724-1237            BC063439.1         657-1170
            1238-1240           AA709059.1         17-19               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1240
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6p12.2"
     gene            1..1240
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /note="glutathione S-transferase alpha 4"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2941"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4629"
                     /db_xref="MIM:605450"
     exon            1..36
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            37..141
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             55..723
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /EC_number="2.5.1.18"
                     /note="glutathione S-alkyltransferase A4; glutathione
                     S-aryltransferase A4; S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase
                     A4; glutathione S-aralkyltransferase A4; glutathione
                     transferase A4-4; GST class-alpha member 4; glutathione
                     S-transferase A4-4"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="glutathione S-transferase A4"
                     /protein_id="NP_001503.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4948.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2941"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4629"
                     /db_xref="MIM:605450"
                     /translation="MAARPKLHYPNGRGRMESVRWVLAAAGVEFDEEFLETKEQLYKL
                     QDGNHLLFQQVPMVEIDGMKLVQTRSILHYIADKHNLFGKNLKERTLIDMYVEGTLDL
                     LELLIMHPFLKPDDQQKEVVNMAQKAIIRYFPVFEKILRGHGQSFLVGNQLSLADVIL
                     LQTILALEEKIPNILSAFPFLQEYTVKLSNIPTIKRFLEPGSKKKPPPDEIYVRTVYN
                     IFRP"
     exon            142..193
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            194..326
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            327..468
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            469..600
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            601..1240
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1219..1224
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1240
                     /gene="GSTA4"
                     /gene_synonym="GSTA4-4; GTA4"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gctttgtgcg gctccaggcc tccgagtgga ctccagaaag cctgaaaagc tatcatggca
       61 gcaaggccca agctccacta tcccaacgga agaggccgga tggagtccgt gagatgggtt
      121 ttagctgccg ccggagtcga gtttgatgaa gaatttctgg aaacaaaaga acagttgtac
      181 aagttgcagg atggtaacca cctgctgttc caacaagtgc ccatggttga aattgacggg
      241 atgaagttgg tacagacccg aagcattctc cactacatag cagacaagca caatctcttt
      301 ggcaagaacc tcaaggagag aaccctgatt gacatgtacg tggaggggac actggatctg
      361 ctggaactgc ttatcatgca tcctttctta aaaccagatg atcagcaaaa ggaagtggtt
      421 aacatggccc agaaggctat aattagatac tttcctgtgt ttgaaaagat tttaaggggt
      481 cacggacaaa gctttcttgt tggtaatcag ctgagccttg cagatgtgat tttactccaa
      541 accattttag ctctagaaga gaaaattcct aatatcctgt ctgcatttcc tttcctccag
      601 gaatacacag tgaaactaag taatatccct acaattaaga gattccttga acctggcagc
      661 aagaagaagc ctccccctga tgaaatttat gtgagaaccg tctacaacat ctttaggcca
      721 taaaacaaca catccatgtg tgagtgacag tgtgttccta gagatggtat tgtctacagt
      781 catgtcttaa tggatcccag ctctgtcatg gtgctatcta tgtattaagt tgggtcctaa
      841 gttgggtctt ttgtgtcaac gagatcatct cttctagaaa tatcaacctt ttttgtccag
      901 taaataattg ttaggggatc tttattggaa aacttttttg gagaggctgg tatttaagtt
      961 agatctgatt gggctactca tgtcctgtag ccagttcatc ctcataataa gaatgggcag
     1021 gatctcttgt tctctcctga gtgtctttct actctcctga gcgtctttct gctctcctta
     1081 tcctgttctc ttatccttat cccctccagt ctctgcctaa tttttagtgt ttaataacaa
     1141 ccgaatgtct agtaaatgac tctcctctga gctgtaataa ataaaatggt agtaatgaat
     1201 gcaatcagta ttagccaaaa taaagaattt atgagtcatt
//
