LOCUS       NM_000846               1221 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 20-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase alpha 2 (GSTA2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_000846
VERSION     NM_000846.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Navarrete-Perea,J., Cannon,J.R.,
            Baltier,K., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Thornock,A., Zarraga,G., Tam,S.,
            Szpyt,J., Gassaway,B.M., Panov,A., Parzen,H., Fu,S., Golbazi,A.,
            Maenpaa,E., Stricker,K., Guha Thakurta,S., Zhang,T., Rad,R.,
            Pan,J., Nusinow,D.P., Paulo,J.A., Schweppe,D.K., Vaites,L.P.,
            Harper,J.W. and Gygi,S.P.
  TITLE     Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the
            human interactome
  JOURNAL   Cell 184 (11), 3022-3040 (2021)
   PUBMED   33961781
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Luck,K., Kim,D.K., Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Begg,B.E., Bian,W.,
            Brignall,R., Cafarelli,T., Campos-Laborie,F.J., Charloteaux,B.,
            Choi,D., Cote,A.G., Daley,M., Deimling,S., Desbuleux,A., Dricot,A.,
            Gebbia,M., Hardy,M.F., Kishore,N., Knapp,J.J., Kovacs,I.A.,
            Lemmens,I., Mee,M.W., Mellor,J.C., Pollis,C., Pons,C.,
            Richardson,A.D., Schlabach,S., Teeking,B., Yadav,A., Babor,M.,
            Balcha,D., Basha,O., Bowman-Colin,C., Chin,S.F., Choi,S.G.,
            Colabella,C., Coppin,G., D'Amata,C., De Ridder,D., De Rouck,S.,
            Duran-Frigola,M., Ennajdaoui,H., Goebels,F., Goehring,L., Gopal,A.,
            Haddad,G., Hatchi,E., Helmy,M., Jacob,Y., Kassa,Y., Landini,S.,
            Li,R., van Lieshout,N., MacWilliams,A., Markey,D., Paulson,J.N.,
            Rangarajan,S., Rasla,J., Rayhan,A., Rolland,T., San-Miguel,A.,
            Shen,Y., Sheykhkarimli,D., Sheynkman,G.M., Simonovsky,E., Tasan,M.,
            Tejeda,A., Tropepe,V., Twizere,J.C., Wang,Y., Weatheritt,R.J.,
            Weile,J., Xia,Y., Yang,X., Yeger-Lotem,E., Zhong,Q., Aloy,P.,
            Bader,G.D., De Las Rivas,J., Gaudet,S., Hao,T., Rak,J.,
            Tavernier,J., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Roth,F.P. and Calderwood,M.A.
  TITLE     A reference map of the human binary protein interactome
  JOURNAL   Nature 580 (7803), 402-408 (2020)
   PUBMED   32296183
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Fragoza,R., Das,J., Wierbowski,S.D., Liang,J., Tran,T.N., Liang,S.,
            Beltran,J.F., Rivera-Erick,C.A., Ye,K., Wang,T.Y., Yao,L., Mort,M.,
            Stenson,P.D., Cooper,D.N., Wei,X., Keinan,A., Schimenti,J.C.,
            Clark,A.G. and Yu,H.
  TITLE     Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic variants
            across the allele frequency spectrum in human populations
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 10 (1), 4141 (2019)
   PUBMED   31515488
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Paulo,J.A., Cannon,J.R., Ting,L.,
            Baltier,K., Colby,G., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Parzen,H., Szpyt,J.,
            Tam,S., Zarraga,G., Pontano-Vaites,L., Swarup,S., White,A.E.,
            Schweppe,D.K., Rad,R., Erickson,B.K., Obar,R.A., Guruharsha,K.G.,
            Li,K., Artavanis-Tsakonas,S., Gygi,S.P. and Harper,J.W.
  TITLE     Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities
            and disease networks
  JOURNAL   Nature 545 (7655), 505-509 (2017)
   PUBMED   28514442
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Sahni,N., Yi,S., Taipale,M., Fuxman Bass,J.I.,
            Coulombe-Huntington,J., Yang,F., Peng,J., Weile,J., Karras,G.I.,
            Wang,Y., Kovacs,I.A., Kamburov,A., Krykbaeva,I., Lam,M.H.,
            Tucker,G., Khurana,V., Sharma,A., Liu,Y.Y., Yachie,N., Zhong,Q.,
            Shen,Y., Palagi,A., San-Miguel,A., Fan,C., Balcha,D., Dricot,A.,
            Jordan,D.M., Walsh,J.M., Shah,A.A., Yang,X., Stoyanova,A.K.,
            Leighton,A., Calderwood,M.A., Jacob,Y., Cusick,M.E.,
            Salehi-Ashtiani,K., Whitesell,L.J., Sunyaev,S., Berger,B.,
            Barabasi,A.L., Charloteaux,B., Hill,D.E., Hao,T., Roth,F.P.,
            Xia,Y., Walhout,A.J.M., Lindquist,S. and Vidal,M.
  TITLE     Widespread macromolecular interaction perturbations in human
            genetic disorders
  JOURNAL   Cell 161 (3), 647-660 (2015)
   PUBMED   25910212
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Rohrdanz,E., Nguyen,T. and Pickett,C.B.
  TITLE     Isolation and characterization of the human glutathione
            S-transferase A2 subunit gene
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 298 (2), 747-752 (1992)
   PUBMED   1329668
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Bogaards,J.J., van Ommen,B. and van Bladeren,P.J.
  TITLE     Purification and characterization of eight glutathione
            S-transferase isoenzymes of hamster. Comparison of subunit
            composition of enzymes from liver, kidney, testis, pancreas and
            trachea
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 286 (Pt 2) (Pt 2), 383-388 (1992)
   PUBMED   1530570
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Klone,A., Hussnatter,R. and Sies,H.
  TITLE     Cloning, sequencing and characterization of the human alpha
            glutathione S-transferase gene corresponding to the cDNA clone
            pGTH2
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 285 (Pt 3) (Pt 3), 925-928 (1992)
   PUBMED   1497629
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Strange,R.C., Fryer,A.A., Matharoo,B., Zhao,L., Broome,J.,
            Campbell,D.A., Jones,P., Pastor,I.C. and Singh,R.V.
  TITLE     The human glutathione S-transferases: comparison of isoenzyme
            expression in normal and astrocytoma brain
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1139 (3), 222-228 (1992)
   PUBMED   1627661
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1221)
  AUTHORS   Hayes,J.D., Kerr,L.A. and Cronshaw,A.D.
  TITLE     Evidence that glutathione S-transferases B1B1 and B2B2 are the
            products of separate genes and that their expression in human liver
            is subject to inter-individual variation. Molecular relationships
            between the B1 and B2 subunits and other Alpha class glutathione
            S-transferases
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 264 (2), 437-445 (1989)
   PUBMED   2604726
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC002895.2, AL109918.25,
            AK292602.1 and BU685446.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_000846.4.
            
            Summary: Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione
            S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These
            enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds,
            including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and
            products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The
            genes encoding these enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic.
            These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility
            to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and
            efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes of the
            soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been
            identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta.
            This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha
            class. The alpha class genes, located in a cluster mapped to
            chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione
            S-transferases in liver. In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and
            certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these
            enzymes exhibit glutathione peroxidase activity thereby protecting
            the cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of
            peroxidation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: HM005682.1, SRR5189664.131477.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968968, SAMEA1970526
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000493422.3/ ENSP00000420168.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-396               BC002895.2         52-447
            397-397             AL109918.25        142568-142568       c
            398-882             BC002895.2         449-933
            883-1167            AK292602.1         883-1167
            1168-1221           BU685446.1         12-65               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1221
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6p12.2"
     gene            1..1221
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /note="glutathione S-transferase alpha 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2939"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4627"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138360"
     exon            1..32
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            33..149
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             63..731
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /EC_number="2.5.1.18"
                     /note="liver GST2; glutathione S-alkyltransferase A2;
                     glutathione S-aryltransferase A2;
                     S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A2; glutathione
                     S-aralkyltransferase A2; GST-gamma; GST HA subunit 2; GST
                     class-alpha member 2; testis tissue sperm-binding protein
                     Li 59n"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="glutathione S-transferase A2"
                     /protein_id="NP_000837.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4944.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2939"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4627"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138360"
                     /translation="MAEKPKLHYSNIRGRMESIRWLLAAAGVEFEEKFIKSAEDLDKL
                     RNDGYLMFQQVPMVEIDGMKLVQTRAILNYIASKYNLYGKDIKEKALIDMYIEGIADL
                     GEMILLLPFSQPEEQDAKLALIQEKTKNRYFPAFEKVLKSHGQDYLVGNKLSRADIHL
                     VELLYYVEELDSSLISSFPLLKALKTRISNLPTVKKFLQPGSPRKPPMDEKSLEESRK
                     IFRF"
     exon            150..201
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            202..334
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            335..476
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            477..608
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            609..1221
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      981..986
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /note="hexamer: AGTAAA"
     polyA_site      1001
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1064..1069
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      1088
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
     regulatory      1186..1191
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
                     /note="hexamer: GATAAA"
     polyA_site      1221
                     /gene="GSTA2"
                     /gene_synonym="GST2; GSTA2-2; GTA2; GTH2"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtccagccac aaaggtgaca gcatttaaca aagcttagag aaacctccag gagactgcta
       61 ccatggcaga gaagcccaag ctccactact ccaatatacg gggcagaatg gagtccatcc
      121 ggtggctcct ggctgcagct ggagtagagt ttgaagagaa atttataaaa tctgcagaag
      181 atttggacaa gttaagaaat gatggatatt tgatgttcca gcaagtgcca atggttgaga
      241 ttgatgggat gaagctggtg cagaccagag ccattctcaa ctacattgcc agcaaataca
      301 acctctatgg gaaagacata aaggagaaag ccctgattga tatgtatata gaaggtatag
      361 cagatttggg tgaaatgatc cttcttctgc cctttagtca acctgaggaa caagatgcca
      421 agcttgcctt gatccaagag aaaacaaaaa atcgctactt ccctgccttt gaaaaagtct
      481 taaagagcca cggacaagac taccttgttg gcaacaagct gagccgggct gacattcacc
      541 tggtggaact tctctactac gtggaagagc ttgactctag ccttatttcc agcttccctc
      601 tgctgaaggc cctgaaaacc agaatcagta acctgcccac agtgaagaag tttctacagc
      661 ctggcagccc aaggaagcct cccatggatg agaaatcttt agaagaatca aggaagattt
      721 tcaggtttta ataaaccagc catagaggtc aagaacatgc aagaccagta ttctaaagtt
      781 ttgcaacaat taagtgcttt acctaagtgt tgattgtgcc tgttgtgaag ctaatgaact
      841 ctttcaaatt atatgctaat taaataatac aactcctatt cacccactta gttaaaattg
      901 atttcttctc attaggatct gatgtgaatt cagttttcca atctcctcct agccaacaat
      961 tttcttggaa ttacaaattc agtaaaaatg gaaactataa attatgtggt ttgtttgact
     1021 tttccaagaa ttgccctgta acatacaatt tgtcatacaa tctattaaaa tgccaatgta
     1081 aaaatgcacc tctgacattt tcaggtatgc acaggagaag agttaccatc ctggataatg
     1141 gcataaagac attttcttct tttcctgaac agtcatttta tttctgataa aagcattctt
     1201 tctaatgcat ttgcaaaaca a
//
