LOCUS       NM_145740               1218 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 19-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 (GSTA1), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_145740
VERSION     NM_145740.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Juras,A., Crkvenac Gornik,K., Held,M., Sestan,M., Turudic,D.,
            Sapina,M., Srsen,S., Huljev Frkovic,S., Frkovic,M., Gagro,A. and
            Jelusic,M.
  TITLE     Association of Glutathione Transferase M1, T1, P1 and A1 Gene
            Polymorphism and Susceptibility to IgA Vasculitis
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 25 (14), 7777 (2024)
   PUBMED   39063019
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Association of Glutathione Transferase M1, T1, P1 and A1
            Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to IgA Vasculitis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Carvalho,V.H.V., Rodrigues,J.C.G., Vinagre,L.W.M.S.,
            Pereira,E.E.B., Monte,N., Fernandes,M.R., Ribeiro-Dos-Santos,A.M.,
            Guerreiro,J.F., Ribeiro-Dos-Santos,A., Dos Santos,S.E.B. and Dos
            Santos,N.P.C.
  TITLE     Genomic investigation on genes related to mercury metabolism in
            Amazonian indigenous populations
  JOURNAL   Sci Total Environ 923, 171232 (2024)
   PUBMED   38402986
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Genomic investigation on genes related to mercury
            metabolism in Amazonian indigenous populations.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Teslenko,I., Trudeau,J., Luo,S., Watson,C.J.W., Chen,G.,
            Truica,C.I. and Lazarus,P.
  TITLE     Influence of Glutathione-S-Transferase A1*B Allele on the
            Metabolism of the Aromatase Inhibitor, Exemestane, in Human Liver
            Cytosols and in Patients Treated With Exemestane
  JOURNAL   J Pharmacol Exp Ther 382 (3), 327-334 (2022)
   PUBMED   35793834
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Influence of Glutathione-S-Transferase A1*B Allele on the
            Metabolism of the Aromatase Inhibitor, Exemestane, in Human Liver
            Cytosols and in Patients Treated With Exemestane.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Navarrete-Perea,J., Cannon,J.R.,
            Baltier,K., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Thornock,A., Zarraga,G., Tam,S.,
            Szpyt,J., Gassaway,B.M., Panov,A., Parzen,H., Fu,S., Golbazi,A.,
            Maenpaa,E., Stricker,K., Guha Thakurta,S., Zhang,T., Rad,R.,
            Pan,J., Nusinow,D.P., Paulo,J.A., Schweppe,D.K., Vaites,L.P.,
            Harper,J.W. and Gygi,S.P.
  TITLE     Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the
            human interactome
  JOURNAL   Cell 184 (11), 3022-3040 (2021)
   PUBMED   33961781
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Alqarni,M.H., Foudah,A.I., Muharram,M.M. and Labrou,N.E.
  TITLE     The Interaction of Human Glutathione Transferase GSTA1-1 with
            Reactive Dyes
  JOURNAL   Molecules 26 (8), 2399 (2021)
   PUBMED   33924269
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The Interaction of Human Glutathione Transferase GSTA1-1
            with Reactive Dyes.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Bogaards,J.J., van Ommen,B. and van Bladeren,P.J.
  TITLE     Purification and characterization of eight glutathione
            S-transferase isoenzymes of hamster. Comparison of subunit
            composition of enzymes from liver, kidney, testis, pancreas and
            trachea
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 286 (Pt 2) (Pt 2), 383-388 (1992)
   PUBMED   1530570
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Rozen,F., Nguyen,T. and Pickett,C.B.
  TITLE     Isolation and characterization of a human glutathione S-transferase
            Ha1 subunit gene
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 292 (2), 589-593 (1992)
   PUBMED   1731620
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Stenberg,G., Bjornestedt,R. and Mannervik,B.
  TITLE     Heterologous expression of recombinant human glutathione
            transferase A1-1 from a hepatoma cell line
  JOURNAL   Protein Expr Purif 3 (1), 80-84 (1992)
   PUBMED   1330133
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Board,P.G. and Mannervik,B.
  TITLE     The contribution of the C-terminal sequence to the catalytic
            activity of GST2, a human alpha-class glutathione transferase
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 275 (Pt 1) (Pt 1), 171-174 (1991)
   PUBMED   2018473
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1218)
  AUTHORS   Hayes,J.D., Kerr,L.A. and Cronshaw,A.D.
  TITLE     Evidence that glutathione S-transferases B1B1 and B2B2 are the
            products of separate genes and that their expression in human liver
            is subject to inter-individual variation. Molecular relationships
            between the B1 and B2 subunits and other Alpha class glutathione
            S-transferases
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 264 (2), 437-445 (1989)
   PUBMED   2604726
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DC339498.1, BC053578.1,
            BM973137.1 and AL590363.6.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_145740.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of a family of enzymes that
            function to add glutathione to target electrophilic compounds,
            including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and
            products of oxidative stress. This action is an important step in
            detoxification of these compounds. This subfamily of enzymes has a
            particular role in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species
            and the products of peroxidation. Polymorphisms in this gene
            influence the ability of individuals to metabolize different drugs.
            This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes and pseudogenes
            on chromosome 6. Alternative splicing results in multiple
            transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer
            transcript and encode the longer isoform (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BI831129.1, SRR5189664.71625.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968968, SAMEA1970526
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000334575.6/ ENSP00000335620.5
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-14                DC339498.1         52-65
            15-1049             BC053578.1         1-1035
            1050-1209           BM973137.1         18-177              c
            1210-1218           AL590363.6         5166-5174           c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1218
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6p12.2"
     gene            1..1218
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="glutathione S-transferase alpha 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2938"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4626"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138359"
     exon            1..32
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            33..149
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             63..731
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /EC_number="2.5.1.18"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     glutathione S-transferase A1; glutathione
                     S-alkyltransferase A1; glutathione S-aryltransferase A1;
                     S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A1; glutathione
                     S-transferase 2; glutathione S-transferase Ha subunit 1;
                     GST HA subunit 1; GST class-alpha member 1; testicular
                     tissue protein Li 80; androst-5-ene-3,17-dione isomerase;
                     13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate peroxidase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="glutathione S-transferase A1 isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_665683.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4945.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2938"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4626"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138359"
                     /translation="MAEKPKLHYFNARGRMESTRWLLAAAGVEFEEKFIKSAEDLDKL
                     RNDGYLMFQQVPMVEIDGMKLVQTRAILNYIASKYNLYGKDIKERALIDMYIEGIADL
                     GEMILLLPVCPPEEKDAKLALIKEKIKNRYFPAFEKVLKSHGQDYLVGNKLSRADIHL
                     VELLYYVEELDSSLISSFPLLKALKTRISNLPTVKKFLQPGSPRKPPMDEKSLEEARK
                     IFRF"
     exon            150..201
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            202..334
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            335..476
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            477..608
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            609..1218
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      788..793
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      806
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      970..975
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      994
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1064..1069
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      1088
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
     regulatory      1186..1191
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
                     /note="hexamer: GATAAA"
     polyA_site      1218
                     /gene="GSTA1"
                     /gene_synonym="GST-epsilon; GST2; GSTA1-1; GTH1"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtcgagccag gacggtgaca gcgtttaaca aagcttagag aaacctccag gagactgcta
       61 tcatggcaga gaagcccaag ctccactact tcaatgcacg gggcagaatg gagtccaccc
      121 ggtggctcct ggctgcagct ggagtagagt ttgaagagaa atttataaaa tctgcagaag
      181 atttggacaa gttaagaaat gatggatatt tgatgttcca gcaagtgcca atggttgaga
      241 ttgatgggat gaagctggtg cagaccagag ccattctcaa ctacattgcc agcaaataca
      301 acctctatgg gaaagacata aaggagagag ccctgattga tatgtatata gaaggtatag
      361 cagatttggg tgaaatgatc ctccttctgc ccgtatgtcc acctgaggaa aaagatgcca
      421 agcttgcctt gatcaaagag aaaataaaaa atcgctactt ccctgccttt gaaaaagtct
      481 taaagagcca tggacaagac taccttgttg gcaacaagct gagccgggct gacattcatc
      541 tggtggaact tctctactac gtcgaggagc ttgactccag tcttatctcc agcttccctc
      601 tgctgaaggc cctgaaaacc agaatcagca acctgcccac agtgaagaag tttctacagc
      661 ctggcagccc aaggaagcct cccatggatg agaaatcttt agaagaagca aggaagattt
      721 tcaggtttta ataacgcagt catggaggcc aagaacttgc aataccaatg ttctaaagtt
      781 ttgcaacaat aaagtacttt acctaagtgt tgattgtgcc tgttgtgaag ctaatgaact
      841 ctttcaaatt atatgctaat taaataatac aactcctatt cgctgactta gttaaaattg
      901 atttgttttc attaggatct gatgtgaatt cagatttcca atcttctcct agccaaccat
      961 tttcctggaa ttaaaaattc agtaaaaaag gaaactatag attatgtggt ttgtttgact
     1021 tttccaagaa ttgtcccgta acatacaatt tgtcatacaa tctattaaaa tgtcaatgta
     1081 gaaatgcact tctgacattt tcaggtatgc acaggagaag agttaccatc ctggataatg
     1141 gcataaagac attttcttct tttcctggac agtcatttta tttctgataa aagcgttctt
     1201 tcttatgcat ttgcaaaa
//
