LOCUS       NM_024915               5232 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 06-DEC-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens grainyhead like transcription factor 2 (GRHL2),
            transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_024915
VERSION     NM_024915.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   MacFawn,I., Farris,J., Pifer,P., Margaryan,N.V., Akhter,H.,
            Wang,L., Dziadowicz,S., Denvir,J., Hu,G. and Frisch,S.M.
  TITLE     Grainyhead-like-2, an epithelial master programmer, promotes
            interferon induction and suppresses breast cancer recurrence
  JOURNAL   Mol Immunol 170, 156-169 (2024)
   PUBMED   38692097
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Grainyhead-like-2, an epithelial master programmer,
            promotes interferon induction and suppresses breast cancer
            recurrence.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Kotian,S., Carnes,R.M. and Stern,J.L.
  TITLE     Enhancing Transcriptional Reprogramming of Mesenchymal Glioblastoma
            with Grainyhead-like 2 and HDAC Inhibitors Leads to Apoptosis and
            Cell-Cycle Dysregulation
  JOURNAL   Genes (Basel) 14 (9), 1787 (2023)
   PUBMED   37761927
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Enhancing Transcriptional Reprogramming of Mesenchymal
            Glioblastoma with Grainyhead-like 2 and HDAC Inhibitors Leads to
            Apoptosis and Cell-Cycle Dysregulation.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Wang,Z., Coban,B., Wu,H., Chouaref,J., Daxinger,L., Paulsen,M.T.,
            Ljungman,M., Smid,M., Martens,J.W.M. and Danen,E.H.J.
  TITLE     GRHL2-controlled gene expression networks in luminal breast cancer
  JOURNAL   Cell Commun Signal 21 (1), 15 (2023)
   PUBMED   36691073
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GRHL2-controlled gene expression networks in luminal
            breast cancer.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Hao,Y., Li,Y., Wu,J., Hao,N., Qin,Y., Zhang,H., Zhao,W. and Kang,S.
  TITLE     Hypermethylation of the GRHL2 promoter region is associated with
            ovarian endometriosis
  JOURNAL   Reproduction 163 (6), 379-386 (2022)
   PUBMED   35356893
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Hypermethylation of the GRHL2 promoter region is
            associated with ovarian endometriosis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Wu,J., Guo,S., Wang,L. and Liao,Z.
  TITLE     Correlation analysis between CD133, Klk3 and grhl2 expression and
            tumor characteristics in prostate cancer
  JOURNAL   Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 67 (6), 68-73 (2022)
   PUBMED   35818212
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Correlation analysis between CD133, Klk3 and grhl2
            expression and tumor characteristics in prostate cancer.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Volik,S., Raphael,B.J., Huang,G., Stratton,M.R., Bignel,G.,
            Murnane,J., Brebner,J.H., Bajsarowicz,K., Paris,P.L., Tao,Q.,
            Kowbel,D., Lapuk,A., Shagin,D.A., Shagina,I.A., Gray,J.W.,
            Cheng,J.F., de Jong,P.J., Pevzner,P. and Collins,C.
  TITLE     Decoding the fine-scale structure of a breast cancer genome and
            transcriptome
  JOURNAL   Genome Res 16 (3), 394-404 (2006)
   PUBMED   16461635
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Ting,S.B., Wilanowski,T., Cerruti,L., Zhao,L.L., Cunningham,J.M.
            and Jane,S.M.
  TITLE     The identification and characterization of human
            Sister-of-Mammalian Grainyhead (SOM) expands the grainyhead-like
            family of developmental transcription factors
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 370 (Pt 3), 953-962 (2003)
   PUBMED   12549979
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Peters,L.M., Anderson,D.W., Griffith,A.J., Grundfast,K.M., San
            Agustin,T.B., Madeo,A.C., Friedman,T.B. and Morell,R.J.
  TITLE     Mutation of a transcription factor, TFCP2L3, causes progressive
            autosomal dominant hearing loss, DFNA28
  JOURNAL   Hum Mol Genet 11 (23), 2877-2885 (2002)
   PUBMED   12393799
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Wilanowski,T., Tuckfield,A., Cerruti,L., O'Connell,S., Saint,R.,
            Parekh,V., Tao,J., Cunningham,J.M. and Jane,S.M.
  TITLE     A highly conserved novel family of mammalian developmental
            transcription factors related to Drosophila grainyhead
  JOURNAL   Mech Dev 114 (1-2), 37-50 (2002)
   PUBMED   12175488
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 5232)
  AUTHORS   Shearer,A.E., Hildebrand,M.S., Odell,A.M. and Smith,R.J.H.
  TITLE     Genetic Hearing Loss Overview
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE and
            Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301607
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AP001207.3, BC069638.1 and
            AP000426.3.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On May 17, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_024915.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor
            that can act as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with either GRHL1
            or GRHL3. Defects in this gene are a cause of non-syndromic
            sensorineural deafness autosomal dominant type 28
            (DFNA28).[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data because transcript sequence consistent with
            the reference genome assembly was not available for all regions of
            the RefSeq transcript. The extent of this transcript is supported
            by transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AK023844.1, BC129822.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968540, SAMEA1968832
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000646743.1/ ENSP00000495564.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1                 AP001207.3         86100-86100         c
            2-319               AP001207.3         85782-86099         c
            320-2399            BC069638.1         1-2080
            2400-5232           AP000426.3         107594-110426       c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..5232
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="8"
                     /map="8q22.3"
     gene            1..5232
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /note="grainyhead like transcription factor 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:79977"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2799"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608576"
     exon            1..351
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             332..2209
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     transcription factor CP2-like 3; grainyhead-like 2;
                     grainyhead-like protein 2 homolog; brother of mammalian
                     grainyhead; brother-of-MGR"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="grainyhead-like protein 2 homolog isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_079191.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS34931.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:79977"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2799"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608576"
                     /translation="MSQESDNNKRLVALVPMPSDPPFNTRRAYTSEDEAWKSYLENPL
                     TAATKAMMSINGDEDSAAALGLLYDYYKVPRDKRLLSVSKASDSQEDQEKRNCLGTSE
                     AQSNLSGGENRVQVLKTVPVNLSLNQDHLENSKREQYSISFPESSAIIPVSGITVVKA
                     EDFTPVFMAPPVHYPRGDGEEQRVVIFEQTQYDVPSLATHSAYLKDDQRSTPDSTYSE
                     SFKDAATEKFRSASVGAEEYMYDQTSSGTFQYTLEATKSLRQKQGEGPMTYLNKGQFY
                     AITLSETGDNKCFRHPISKVRSVVMVVFSEDKNRDEQLKYWKYWHSRQHTAKQRVLDI
                     ADYKESFNTIGNIEEIAYNAVSFTWDVNEEAKIFITVNCLSTDFSSQKGVKGLPLMIQ
                     IDTYSYNNRSNKPIHRAYCQIKVFCDKGAERKIRDEERKQNRKKGKGQASQTQCNSSS
                     DGKLAAIPLQKKSDITYFKTMPDLHSQPVLFIPDVHFANLQRTGQVYYNTDDEREGGS
                     VLVKRMFRPMEEEFGPVPSKQMKEEGTKRVLLYVRKETDDVFDALMLKSPTVKGLMEA
                     ISEKYGLPVEKIAKLYKKSKKGILVNMDDNIIEHYSNEDTFILNMESMVEGFKVTLME
                     I"
     exon            352..547
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            548..615
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            616..1009
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1010..1065
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1066..1222
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1223..1334
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1335..1429
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1430..1588
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1589..1676
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1677..1816
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1817..1848
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1849..1943
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1944..2029
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2030..2094
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2095..5232
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      5205..5210
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      5232
                     /gene="GRHL2"
                     /gene_synonym="BOM; DFNA28; ECTDS; PPCD4; TFCP2L3"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gagaaagtta cctgtggccg cccaagtccg ccactttctg ctctgtgtct gcccattgcc
       61 acgatccagg aggactccgc gccgcccggc cgcctccgag ctcgggcccc atgtgagggg
      121 ccccccctta tcccaccttt ccggctaggt gagggcgcga gcgggcgagc gagcgagagt
      181 ggtgaggggg gacggaaaag cagaattacc tgtagctctt gttctgccat ctcgggcgct
      241 ctcacacacc ttcacctgca cagacttgaa agtccagttt caccagaggc tgaggctcca
      301 ggaaaagcgg agcaagttca ttggatcaaa catgtcacaa gagtcggaca ataataaaag
      361 actagtggcc ttagtgccca tgcccagtga ccctccattc aatacccgaa gagcctacac
      421 cagtgaggat gaagcctgga agtcatactt ggagaatccc ctgacagcag ccaccaaggc
      481 catgatgagc attaatggtg atgaggacag tgctgctgcc ctcggcctgc tctatgacta
      541 ctacaaggtt cctcgagaca agaggctgct gtctgtaagc aaagcaagtg acagccaaga
      601 agaccaggag aaaagaaact gccttggcac cagtgaagcc cagagtaatt tgagtggagg
      661 agaaaaccga gtgcaagtcc taaagactgt tccagtgaac ctttccctaa atcaagatca
      721 cctggagaat tccaagcggg aacagtacag catcagcttc cccgagagct ctgccatcat
      781 cccggtgtcg ggaatcacgg tggtgaaagc tgaagatttc acaccagttt tcatggcccc
      841 acctgtgcac tatccccggg gagatgggga agagcaacga gtggttatct ttgaacagac
      901 tcagtatgac gtgccctcgc tggccaccca cagcgcctat ctcaaagacg accagcgcag
      961 cactccggac agcacataca gcgagagctt caaggacgca gccacagaga aatttcggag
     1021 tgcttcagtt ggggctgagg agtacatgta tgatcagaca tcaagtggca catttcagta
     1081 caccctggaa gccaccaaat ctctccgtca gaagcagggg gagggcccca tgacctacct
     1141 caacaaagga cagttctatg ccataacact cagcgagacc ggagacaaca aatgcttccg
     1201 acaccccatc agcaaagtca ggagtgtggt gatggtggtc ttcagtgaag acaaaaacag
     1261 agatgaacag ctcaaatact ggaaatactg gcactctcgg cagcatacgg cgaagcagag
     1321 ggtccttgac attgccgatt acaaggagag ctttaatacg attggaaaca ttgaagagat
     1381 tgcatataat gctgtttcct ttacctggga cgtgaatgaa gaggcgaaga ttttcatcac
     1441 cgtgaattgc ttgagcacag atttctcctc ccaaaaaggg gtgaaaggac ttcctttgat
     1501 gattcagatt gacacataca gttataacaa tcgtagcaat aaacccattc atagagctta
     1561 ttgccagatc aaggtcttct gtgacaaagg agcagaaaga aaaatccgag atgaagagcg
     1621 gaagcagaac aggaagaaag ggaaaggcca ggcctcccaa actcaatgca acagctcctc
     1681 tgatgggaag ttggctgcca tacctttaca gaagaagagt gacatcacct acttcaaaac
     1741 catgcctgat ctccactcac agccagttct cttcatacct gatgttcact ttgcaaacct
     1801 gcagaggacc ggacaggtgt attacaacac ggatgatgaa cgagaaggtg gcagtgtcct
     1861 tgttaaacgg atgttccggc ccatggaaga ggagtttggt ccagtgcctt caaagcagat
     1921 gaaagaagaa gggacaaagc gagtgctctt gtacgtgagg aaggagactg acgatgtgtt
     1981 cgatgcattg atgttgaagt ctcccacagt gaagggcctg atggaagcga tatctgagaa
     2041 atatgggctg cccgtggaga agatagcaaa gctttacaag aaaagcaaaa aaggcatctt
     2101 ggtgaacatg gatgacaaca tcatcgagca ctactcgaac gaggacacct tcatcctcaa
     2161 catggagagc atggtggagg gcttcaaggt cacgctcatg gaaatctagc cctgggtttg
     2221 gcatccgctt tggctggagc tctcagtgcg ttcctccctg agagagacag aagccccagc
     2281 cccagaacct ggagacccat ctcccccatc tcacaactgc tgttacaaga ccgtgctggg
     2341 gagtggggca agggacaggc cccactgtcg gtgtgcttgg cccatccact ggcacctacc
     2401 acggagctga agcctgagcc cctcaggaag gtgccttagg cctgttggat tcctatttat
     2461 tgcccacctt ttcctggagc ccaggtccag gcccgccagg actctgcagg tcactgctag
     2521 ctccagatga gaccgtccag cgttccccct tcaagagaaa cactcatccc gaacagccta
     2581 aaaaattccc atcccttctc tctcacccct ccatatctat ctcccgagtg gctggacaaa
     2641 atgagctacg tctgggtgca gtagttatag gtggggcaag aggtggatgc ccactttctg
     2701 gtcagacacc tttaggttgc tctggggaag gctgtcttgc taaatacctc cagggttccc
     2761 agcaagtggc caccaggcct tgtacaggaa gacattcagt caccgtgtaa ttagtaacac
     2821 agaaagtctg cctgtctgca ttgtacatag tgtttataat attgtaataa tatattttac
     2881 ctgtggtatg tgggcatgtt tactgccact ggcctagagg agacacagac ctggagaccg
     2941 ttttaatggg ggtttttgcc tctgtgcctg ttcaagagac ttgcagggct aggtagaggg
     3001 cctttgggat gttaaggtga ctgcagctga tgccaagatg gactctgcaa tgggcatacc
     3061 tgggggctcg ttccctgtcc ccagaggaag ccccctctcc ttctccatgg gcatgactct
     3121 ccttcgaggc caccacgttt atctcacaat gatgtgtttt gcttgacttt ccctttgcgc
     3181 tgtctcgtgg gaaaggtcat tctgtctgag accccagctc cttctccagc tttggctgcg
     3241 ggcatggcct gagctttctg gagagcctct gcagggggtt tgccatcagg gccctgtggc
     3301 tgggtctgct gcagagctcc ttggctatca ggagaatcct ggacactgta ctgtgcctcc
     3361 cagtttacaa acacgccctt catctcaagt ggccctttaa aaggcctgct gccatgtgag
     3421 agctgtgaac agctcagctc tgagtcggca ggctggggct tcctcctggg ccaccagatg
     3481 gaaagggggt attgtttgcc tcactcctgg atgctgcgtt ttaaggaagt gagtgagaaa
     3541 gaatgtgcca agatacctgg ctcctgtgaa accagcctca ggagggaaac tgggagagag
     3601 aagctgtggt ctcctgctac atgccctggg agctggaaga gaaaaacact cccctaaaca
     3661 atcgcaaaat gatgaaccat catgggccac tgttctcttt gaggggacag gtttaggggt
     3721 ttgcgttcgc ccttgtgggc tgaagcacta gctttttggt agctagacac atcctgcacc
     3781 caaaggttct ctacaaaggc ccagatttgt ttgtaaagca ctttgactct tacctggagg
     3841 cccgctctct aagggcttcc tgcgctccca cctcatctgt ccctgagatg cagagcagga
     3901 tggagggtct gcttctagct cagctgtttc tccttgaggt tgcggaggaa ttgaattgaa
     3961 tgggacagag ggcaggtgct gtggccaaga agatctccga gcagcagtga cggggcacct
     4021 tgctgtgtgt cctctgggca tgttaaccct tctgtggggc caaaggtttg catcgtggat
     4081 ccagctgtgc tccagtctgt cccctcctcc tccactctga ctgccacgcc ccggaccagc
     4141 agcttgggga ccctccaggg tactaatggg gctctgttct gagatggaca aattcagtgt
     4201 tggaaataca tgttgtacta tgcacttccc atgctcctag ggttaggaat agtttcaaac
     4261 atgattggca gacataacaa cggcaaatac tcggactggg gcataggact ccagagtagg
     4321 aaaaagacaa aagatttggc agcctgacac aggcaaccta cccctctctc tccagcctct
     4381 ttatgaaact gtttgtttgc cagtcctgcc ctaaggcaga agatgaattg aagatgctgt
     4441 gcatgtttcc taagtccttg agcaatcatg gtggtgacaa ttgccacaag ggatatgagg
     4501 ccagtgccac cagagggtgg tgccaagtgc cacatccctt ccgatccatt cccctctgca
     4561 tcctcggagc accccagttt gcctttgatg tgtccgctgt gtatgttagc tgaactttga
     4621 tgagcaaaat ttcctgagcg aaacactcca aagagatagg aaaacttgcc gcctcttctt
     4681 ttttgtccct taatcaaact caaataagct taaaaaaaat ccatggaaga tcatggacat
     4741 gtgaaatgag catttttttc tttttttttt ttaacaaagt ctgaactgaa cagaacaaga
     4801 ctttttcctc atacatctcc aaattgttta aacttacttt atgagtgttt gtttagaagt
     4861 tcggaccaac agaaaaatgc agtcagatgt catcttggaa ttggtttcta aaagagtaag
     4921 gcatgtccct gcccagaaac ttaggaagca tgaaataaat caaatgttta ttttccttct
     4981 tatttaaaat catgcaaatg caacagaaat agagggtttg tgccaaatgc tatgaacggc
     5041 cctttcttaa agacaagcaa gggagattga tatatgtaca atttgctctc atgttttaaa
     5101 aaaaaaaagg taaatgtaac ttaatagttt tgtaaatggg agagggggaa tctataaact
     5161 ataaatacag ttattttatt ttttgtacat ttttaaggag aaaaaataaa tattcataac
     5221 ataagagtaa aa
//
