LOCUS       NM_001508               2576 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 01-AUG-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens G protein-coupled receptor 39 (GPR39), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001508
VERSION     NM_001508.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Bai,H.H., Wang,K.L., Zeng,X.R., Li,J., Li,Y., Xu,J.Y., Zhang,Y.,
            Jiang,H.F., Yang,X., Suo,Z.W. and Hu,X.D.
  TITLE     GPR39 regulated spinal glycinergic inhibition and mechanical
            inflammatory pain
  JOURNAL   Sci Adv 10 (5), eadj3808 (2024)
   PUBMED   38306424
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GPR39 regulated spinal glycinergic inhibition and
            mechanical inflammatory pain.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   He,C., Dai,F.F., Liu,J.S., Geng,Y.S., Zhou,J.X., Hu,Y.Z., Zheng,B.
            and Wang,S.S.
  TITLE     [Expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins, GPR39 and ANO1 mRNA in
            the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients and their clinical
            significance]
  JOURNAL   Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 30 (1), 18-25 (2024)
   PUBMED   39046409
  REMARK    GeneRIF: [Expressions of zinc homeostasis proteins, GPR39 and ANO1
            mRNA in the sperm of asthenozoospermia patients and their clinical
            significance].
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,L., Sunchen,S., Lu,C., Xu,F. and Dong,H.
  TITLE     Zinc-sensing receptor activation induces endothelium-dependent
            hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of arterioles
  JOURNAL   Biochem Pharmacol 219, 115961 (2024)
   PUBMED   38049010
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Zinc-sensing receptor activation induces
            endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of
            arterioles.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Cao,B., Wang,J. and Feng,J.
  TITLE     Signaling pathway mechanisms of neurological diseases induced by G
            protein-coupled receptor 39
  JOURNAL   CNS Neurosci Ther 29 (6), 1470-1483 (2023)
   PUBMED   36942516
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Signaling pathway mechanisms of neurological diseases
            induced by G protein-coupled receptor 39.
            Review article
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Meda Venkata,S.P., Li,H., Xu,L., Koh,J.Y., Nguyen,H., Minjares,M.,
            Li,C., Kowluru,A., Milligan,G. and Wang,J.M.
  TITLE     Inhibition of GPR39 restores defects in endothelial cell-mediated
            neovascularization under the duress of chronic hyperglycemia:
            Evidence for regulatory roles of the sonic hedgehog signaling axis
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 120 (1), e2208541120 (2023)
   PUBMED   36574661
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Inhibition of GPR39 restores defects in endothelial
            cell-mediated neovascularization under the duress of chronic
            hyperglycemia: Evidence for regulatory roles of the sonic hedgehog
            signaling axis.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Egerod,K.L., Holst,B., Petersen,P.S., Hansen,J.B., Mulder,J.,
            Hokfelt,T. and Schwartz,T.W.
  TITLE     GPR39 splice variants versus antisense gene LYPD1: expression and
            regulation in gastrointestinal tract, endocrine pancreas, liver,
            and white adipose tissue
  JOURNAL   Mol Endocrinol 21 (7), 1685-1698 (2007)
   PUBMED   17488974
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Holst,B., Egerod,K.L., Schild,E., Vickers,S.P., Cheetham,S.,
            Gerlach,L.O., Storjohann,L., Stidsen,C.E., Jones,R.,
            Beck-Sickinger,A.G. and Schwartz,T.W.
  TITLE     GPR39 signaling is stimulated by zinc ions but not by obestatin
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 148 (1), 13-20 (2007)
   PUBMED   16959833
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GPR39 is probably not the obestatin receptor
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Lauwers,E., Landuyt,B., Arckens,L., Schoofs,L. and Luyten,W.
  TITLE     Obestatin does not activate orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR39
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 351 (1), 21-25 (2006)
   PUBMED   17054911
  REMARK    GeneRIF: could activate GPR39 by high concentrations of Zn(2+),
            demonstrating cell surface expression of a functional receptor that
            could elicit a Ca(2+) response.
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   Holst,B., Holliday,N.D., Bach,A., Elling,C.E., Cox,H.M. and
            Schwartz,T.W.
  TITLE     Common structural basis for constitutive activity of the ghrelin
            receptor family
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279 (51), 53806-53817 (2004)
   PUBMED   15383539
  REMARK    GeneRIF: ghrelin receptor, neurotensin receptor 2 and GPR39 display
            an unusually high degree of constitutive activity, determined by an
            aromatic cluster on the inner face of the extracellular ends of TMs
            VI and VII
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2576)
  AUTHORS   McKee,K.K., Tan,C.P., Palyha,O.C., Liu,J., Feighner,S.D.,
            Hreniuk,D.L., Smith,R.G., Howard,A.D. and Van der Ploeg,L.H.
  TITLE     Cloning and characterization of two human G protein-coupled
            receptor genes (GPR38 and GPR39) related to the growth hormone
            secretagogue and neurotensin receptors
  JOURNAL   Genomics 46 (3), 426-434 (1997)
   PUBMED   9441746
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA636860.1, BC125046.1,
            AI459805.1, BM981455.1 and DA653793.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001508.2.
            
            Summary: This gene is a member of the ghrelin receptor family and
            encodes a rhodopsin-type G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The
            encoded protein is involved in zinc-dependent signaling in
            epithelial tissue in intestines, prostate and salivary glands. The
            protein may also be involved in the pathophysiology of depression.
            [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803617.30507.1, AK122643.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968540, SAMEA1970526
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000329321.4/ ENSP00000327417.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-238               DA636860.1         71-308
            239-1601            BC125046.1         1-1363
            1602-1961           AI459805.1         59-418
            1962-2546           BM981455.1         19-603              c
            2547-2576           DA653793.1         510-539
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2576
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2q21.2"
     gene            1..2576
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /note="G protein-coupled receptor 39"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2863"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4496"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602886"
     exon            1..1094
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             239..1600
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /note="zinc sensing receptor"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="G-protein coupled receptor 39"
                     /protein_id="NP_001499.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS2170.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2863"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4496"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602886"
                     /translation="MASPSLPGSDCSQIIDHSHVPEFEVATWIKITLILVYLIIFVMG
                     LLGNSATIRVTQVLQKKGYLQKEVTDHMVSLACSDILVFLIGMPMEFYSIIWNPLTTS
                     SYTLSCKLHTFLFEACSYATLLHVLTLSFERYIAICHPFRYKAVSGPCQVKLLIGFVW
                     VTSALVALPLLFAMGTEYPLVNVPSHRGLTCNRSSTRHHEQPETSNMSICTNLSSRWT
                     VFQSSIFGAFVVYLVVLLSVAFMCWNMMQVLMKSQKGSLAGGTRPPQLRKSESEESRT
                     ARRQTIIFLRLIVVTLAVCWMPNQIRRIMAAAKPKHDWTRSYFRAYMILLPFSETFFY
                     LSSVINPLLYTVSSQQFRRVFVQVLCCRLSLQHANHEKRLRVHAHSTTDSARFVQRPL
                     LFASRRQSSARRTEKIFLSTFQSEAEPQSKSQSLSLESLEPNSGAKPANSAAENGFQE
                     HEV"
     exon            1095..2576
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2529..2534
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      2544..2549
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAGA"
     polyA_site      2549
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      2576
                     /gene="GPR39"
                     /gene_synonym="ZnR"
ORIGIN      
        1 acatacactc ccaaacctca acacccaggc gcctcctggg cctctcctag gttgggctgc
       61 tccagcaagt ttccatgaaa gcacctgaaa tactaagtta ccttcgcgag gagaactcga
      121 gtgagataaa atcgtgcgcc cacgcaggtg agtttgcagc caagaatttt ggacgctgct
      181 gggaggagaa agggaagttg agaaagtctt tggacctggt agcctggtgc tctttctcat
      241 ggcttcaccc agcctcccgg gcagtgactg ctcccaaatc attgatcaca gtcatgtccc
      301 cgagtttgag gtggccacct ggatcaaaat cacccttatt ctggtgtacc tgatcatctt
      361 cgtgatgggc cttctgggga acagcgccac cattcgggtc acccaggtgc tgcagaagaa
      421 aggatacttg cagaaggagg tgacagacca catggtgagt ttggcttgct cggacatctt
      481 ggtgttcctc atcggcatgc ccatggagtt ctacagcatc atctggaatc ccctgaccac
      541 gtccagctac accctgtcct gcaagctgca cactttcctc ttcgaggcct gcagctacgc
      601 tacgctgctg cacgtgctga cactcagctt tgagcgctac atcgccatct gtcacccctt
      661 caggtacaag gctgtgtcgg gaccttgcca ggtgaagctg ctgattggct tcgtctgggt
      721 cacctccgcc ctggtggcac tgcccttgct gtttgccatg ggtactgagt accccctggt
      781 gaacgtgccc agccaccggg gtctcacttg caaccgctcc agcacccgcc accacgagca
      841 gcccgagacc tccaatatgt ccatctgtac caacctctcc agccgctgga ccgtgttcca
      901 gtccagcatc ttcggcgcct tcgtggtcta cctcgtggtc ctgctctccg tagccttcat
      961 gtgctggaac atgatgcagg tgctcatgaa aagccagaag ggctcgctgg ccgggggcac
     1021 gcggcctccg cagctgagga agtccgagag cgaagagagc aggaccgcca ggaggcagac
     1081 catcatcttc ctgaggctga ttgttgtgac attggccgta tgctggatgc ccaaccagat
     1141 tcggaggatc atggctgcgg ccaaacccaa gcacgactgg acgaggtcct acttccgggc
     1201 gtacatgatc ctcctcccct tctcggagac gtttttctac ctcagctcgg tcatcaaccc
     1261 gctcctgtac acggtgtcct cgcagcagtt tcggcgggtg ttcgtgcagg tgctgtgctg
     1321 ccgcctgtcg ctgcagcacg ccaaccacga gaagcgcctg cgcgtacatg cgcactccac
     1381 caccgacagc gcccgctttg tgcagcgccc gttgctcttc gcgtcccggc gccagtcctc
     1441 tgcaaggaga actgagaaga ttttcttaag cacttttcag agcgaggccg agccccagtc
     1501 taagtcccag tcattgagtc tcgagtcact agagcccaac tcaggcgcga aaccagccaa
     1561 ttctgctgca gagaatggtt ttcaggagca tgaagtttga atgtcaagcg agggagcctt
     1621 gagtgggaac tggccctcca gccctaagaa aacgtcactc tcactctgca gtctcaaact
     1681 atgcccccat cagggatgga atggacactg gaggctttac aaaaggcaga tgcccacctc
     1741 agtgacttct aaggactgac tctgccagcc tggccttgac tccggttaca cagacatggg
     1801 ggtgaacttt cactccacct ccttccttca agtacatact gaaaattcag tcaggctgaa
     1861 tttattcaga atgctttacc gagctctttc attatttgca caggaacaaa agagaacacg
     1921 gactcccgct ccctacccag aataaaagga cacccagaag aaactcactc agggaggtgg
     1981 ggggttgggg gcgagggctg gaagaacaat gcaggagggg gtggcatctc cttcagcttc
     2041 agcagtgtgc cgagaagagg gctaatttga ggaacaggat ggtggtgcgg agccctggcc
     2101 tgagggccga ggcagaactt ccccttttct tgggccttgg cccgttacaa agaggggtgt
     2161 tgcagcagct gatgcaaact gagttcagtt tccctgggga gcagaaggac tggtacccgg
     2221 cagaggcgat gagacaggcc gctgatgatg cacaggactt gcggtacatg atccctgtaa
     2281 cacagaccca aaggagctga gttaacgtgc accggcaaaa gaatagctgt ccctctcagc
     2341 ccaaatccaa acggacagct cttccttact cctcccacag cccagagact aggtgaggtc
     2401 agggaagtgc ttcggattgt ctcattgata ttcaagatag atggtgaaag agacaggcac
     2461 tatttcatta gttttaacaa aactgttcca aaagcgattt gagatgccaa tacctgtgaa
     2521 tacctgttaa taaagagctg ttaaatagac ttatttacat tttaagtcag agttca
//
