LOCUS       NM_002070               2219 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-NOV-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens G protein subunit alpha i2 (GNAI2), transcript variant
            1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002070
VERSION     NM_002070.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Deng,X., Zeng,Y. and Ding,D.
  TITLE     MiR-30c-5p-Targeted Regulation of GNAI2 Improves Neural Function
            Injury and Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
  JOURNAL   Appl Biochem Biotechnol 196 (8), 5235-5248 (2024)
   PUBMED   38153649
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MiR-30c-5p-Targeted Regulation of GNAI2 Improves Neural
            Function Injury and Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion
            Injury.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Cho,N.H., Cheveralls,K.C., Brunner,A.D., Kim,K., Michaelis,A.C.,
            Raghavan,P., Kobayashi,H., Savy,L., Li,J.Y., Canaj,H., Kim,J.Y.S.,
            Stewart,E.M., Gnann,C., McCarthy,F., Cabrera,J.P., Brunetti,R.M.,
            Chhun,B.B., Dingle,G., Hein,M.Y., Huang,B., Mehta,S.B.,
            Weissman,J.S., Gomez-Sjoberg,R., Itzhak,D.N., Royer,L.A., Mann,M.
            and Leonetti,M.D.
  TITLE     OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular
            organization
  JOURNAL   Science 375 (6585), eabi6983 (2022)
   PUBMED   35271311
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Miete,C., Solis,G.P., Koval,A., Bruckner,M., Katanaev,V.L.,
            Behrens,J. and Bernkopf,D.B.
  TITLE     Galphai2-induced conductin/axin2 condensates inhibit
            Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and suppress cancer growth
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 13 (1), 674 (2022)
   PUBMED   35115535
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Galphai2-induced conductin/axin2 condensates inhibit
            Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and suppress cancer growth.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,Z., Ji,Z., He,J., Lu,Y., Tian,W., Zheng,C., Chen,H.,
            Zhang,Q., Yang,F., Zhang,M., Yin,Y., Jiang,R., Chu,W.M., Zhang,W.
            and Sun,B.
  TITLE     Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(i) Subunit Alpha 2 Exacerbates
            NASH Progression by Regulating Peroxiredoxin 1-Related Inflammation
            and Lipophagy
  JOURNAL   Hepatology 74 (6), 3110-3126 (2021)
   PUBMED   34322898
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(i) Subunit Alpha 2
            Exacerbates NASH Progression by Regulating Peroxiredoxin 1-Related
            Inflammation and Lipophagy.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Ha,J.H., Jayaraman,M., Yan,M., Dhanasekaran,P., Isidoro,C.,
            Song,Y.S. and Dhanasekaran,D.N.
  TITLE     GNAi2/gip2-Regulated Transcriptome and Its Therapeutic Significance
            in Ovarian Cancer
  JOURNAL   Biomolecules 11 (8), 1211 (2021)
   PUBMED   34439877
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GNAi2/gip2-Regulated Transcriptome and Its Therapeutic
            Significance in Ovarian Cancer.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Magovcevic,I., Ang,S.L., Seidman,J.G., Tolman,C.J., Neer,E.J. and
            Morton,C.C.
  TITLE     Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene:
            assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13
  JOURNAL   Genomics 12 (1), 125-129 (1992)
   PUBMED   1733849
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Cormont,M., Le Marchand-Brustel,Y., Van Obberghen,E., Spiegel,A.M.
            and Sharp,G.W.
  TITLE     Identification of G protein alpha-subunits in RINm5F cells and
            their selective interaction with galanin receptor
  JOURNAL   Diabetes 40 (9), 1170-1176 (1991)
   PUBMED   1718802
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Offermanns,S., Schultz,G. and Rosenthal,W.
  TITLE     Evidence for opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins,
            Go and Gi2, in membranes of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15)
            hybrid cells
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 266 (6), 3365-3368 (1991)
   PUBMED   1671672
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Lyons,J., Landis,C.A., Harsh,G., Vallar,L., Grunewald,K.,
            Feichtinger,H., Duh,Q.Y., Clark,O.H., Kawasaki,E., Bourne,H.R. et
            al.
  TITLE     Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors
  JOURNAL   Science 249 (4969), 655-659 (1990)
   PUBMED   2116665
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2219)
  AUTHORS   Bushfield,M., Murphy,G.J., Lavan,B.E., Parker,P.J., Hruby,V.J.,
            Milligan,G. and Houslay,M.D.
  TITLE     Hormonal regulation of Gi2 alpha-subunit phosphorylation in intact
            hepatocytes
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 268 (2), 449-457 (1990)
   PUBMED   2114093
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC012138.1, AK055574.1 and
            U73166.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_002070.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is an alpha subunit of
            guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). The encoded
            protein contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and is
            involved in the hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase. Several
            transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for
            this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform
            (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803614.70720.1,
                                           SRR3476690.992179.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000313601.11/ ENSP00000312999.6
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1362              BC012138.1         29-1390
            1363-1742           AK055574.1         1320-1699
            1743-1743           U73166.1           6512-6512           c
            1744-2211           AK055574.1         1700-2167
            2212-2219           U73166.1           6036-6043           c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2219
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="3"
                     /map="3p21.31"
     gene            1..2219
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /note="G protein subunit alpha i2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2771"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4385"
                     /db_xref="MIM:139360"
     exon            1..250
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             133..1200
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2;
                     guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-2 subunit;
                     adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein; GTP-binding
                     regulatory protein Gi alpha-2 chain; guanine nucleotide
                     binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity
                     polypeptide 2; heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding
                     protein 1C"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit
                     alpha-2 isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_002061.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS2813.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2771"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4385"
                     /db_xref="MIM:139360"
                     /translation="MGCTVSAEDKAAAERSKMIDKNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLLGAGES
                     GKSTIVKQMKIIHEDGYSEEECRQYRAVVYSNTIQSIMAIVKAMGNLQIDFADPSRAD
                     DARQLFALSCTAEEQGVLPDDLSGVIRRLWADHGVQACFGRSREYQLNDSAAYYLNDL
                     ERIAQSDYIPTQQDVLRTRVKTTGIVETHFTFKDLHFKMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEG
                     VTAIIFCVALSAYDLVLAEDEEMNRMHESMKLFDSICNNKWFTDTSIILFLNKKDLFE
                     EKITHSPLTICFPEYTGANKYDEAASYIQSKFEDLNKRKDTKEIYTHFTCATDTKNVQ
                     FVFDAVTDVIIKNNLKDCGLF"
     exon            251..293
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            294..435
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            436..596
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            597..725
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            726..855
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            856..1009
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1010..1224
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1225..2219
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     polyA_site      1743
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2200..2205
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
                     /note="hexamer: AAGAAA"
     polyA_site      2219
                     /gene="GNAI2"
                     /gene_synonym="GIP; GNAI2B; HG1C; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1"
ORIGIN      
        1 agtcgctcgg aactgccgac ccgagtgctt cccgcagagg gctggtggtg ggagcggagt
       61 gggtcgggcg gggccgagcc gggccgtggg ccgtgtgggg gccgggcggc ggccgggccg
      121 gcggacggcg ggatgggctg caccgtgagc gccgaggaca aggcggcggc cgagcgctct
      181 aagatgatcg acaagaacct gcgggaggac ggagagaagg cggcgcggga ggtgaagttg
      241 ctgctgttgg gtgctgggga gtcagggaag agcaccatcg tcaagcagat gaagatcatc
      301 cacgaggatg gctactccga ggaggaatgc cggcagtacc gggcggttgt ctacagcaac
      361 accatccagt ccatcatggc cattgtcaaa gccatgggca acctgcagat cgactttgcc
      421 gacccctcca gagcggacga cgccaggcag ctatttgcac tgtcctgcac cgccgaggag
      481 caaggcgtgc tccctgatga cctgtccggc gtcatccgga ggctctgggc tgaccatggt
      541 gtgcaggcct gctttggccg ctcaagggaa taccagctca acgactcagc tgcctactac
      601 ctgaacgacc tggagcgtat tgcacagagt gactacatcc ccacacagca agatgtgcta
      661 cggacccgcg taaagaccac ggggatcgtg gagacacact tcaccttcaa ggacctacac
      721 ttcaagatgt ttgatgtggg tggtcagcgg tctgagcgga agaagtggat ccactgcttt
      781 gagggcgtca cagccatcat cttctgcgta gccttgagcg cctatgactt ggtgctagct
      841 gaggacgagg agatgaaccg catgcatgag agcatgaagc tattcgatag catctgcaac
      901 aacaagtggt tcacagacac gtccatcatc ctcttcctca acaagaagga cctgtttgag
      961 gagaagatca cacacagtcc cctgaccatc tgcttccctg agtacacagg ggccaacaaa
     1021 tatgatgagg cagccagcta catccagagt aagtttgagg acctgaataa gcgcaaagac
     1081 accaaggaga tctacacgca cttcacgtgc gccaccgaca ccaagaacgt gcagttcgtg
     1141 tttgacgccg tcaccgatgt catcatcaag aacaacctga aggactgcgg cctcttctga
     1201 ggggcagcgg ggcctggcgg gatgggccac cgccgacttt gtacccccca acccctgagg
     1261 aagatggggg caagaagatc acgctccccg cctgttcccc cgccgctttt ctcctctttc
     1321 ctctctttgt tctcagctcc ccctgtcccc tcagctccag acgtagggga ggggttgcca
     1381 caggcctccc tgtttgaagc ctgcccttgt ctgagatgct ggtaatggcc atggtacccc
     1441 cttctgggca tctgttctgg tttttaacca ttgtcttgtt ctgtgatgag gggagggggg
     1501 cacatgctga gtctcccaag gctgcgtctg gaggggcccc tgcttctcca gcctggaccc
     1561 ccagctttgc ccaacaccag cccctgcccc agcccaagtc caaatgttta cagggagcct
     1621 cctgcccagt cccccaaccc cagccgctcg gaggccccaa aggaaaaagc acaagaagcg
     1681 tgagacgcca ccattcctgg aaaccacagt ccacctgctc attctcgtag ctttttaaaa
     1741 aaatgaaagt aaaggaaaaa aaaaaaactg caaatctaga aaacttttta gagaaaaact
     1801 atttaaaact gtcagatcct gaccagcaag ccccccccca gccccccttc caagtgactc
     1861 cgtgccttga gtgtgtctgc gtgtttacac ccgtccctct gctggccgcc cccgtgcgag
     1921 cggcacccct gccctgccct ccacagaatt gggttccaag ggctgttcca gacaactgcc
     1981 aacgtcactg agggccctgc cccagcggcc ctggccccag gctctattaa cctaaaatgt
     2041 agctccctag cgctaaccta ggaaccgccg ctgcctgctg gggggccacg cccctcatgc
     2101 ccttgtccca ggcccggggc cttcagcgtt gaacacttcc ttgctttttt cacatgtttt
     2161 atggaattgt tcacctggtt tgaaataata aaatgtagaa agaaaaaaaa taccgagaa
//
