LOCUS       NP_056979                209 aa            linear   PRI 04-APR-2024
DEFINITION  geminin [Homo sapiens].
ACCESSION   NP_056979
VERSION     NP_056979.1
DBSOURCE    REFSEQ: accession NM_015895.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Kim,K., Kim,S.H., Lee,J.Y., Kim,Y.N., Lee,S.T. and Park,E.
  TITLE     RAD51/geminin/gammaH2AX immunohistochemical expression predicts
            platinum-based chemotherapy response in ovarian high-grade serous
            carcinoma
  JOURNAL   J Gynecol Oncol 34 (4), e45 (2023)
   PUBMED   36807748
  REMARK    GeneRIF: RAD51/geminin/gammaH2AX immunohistochemical expression
            predicts platinum-based chemotherapy response in ovarian high-grade
            serous carcinoma.
REFERENCE   2  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Pasmatzi,E., Monastirli,A., Lygerou,Z., Taraviras,S., Kakkos,S.,
            Stamatiou,G. and Tsambaos,D.
  TITLE     Alterations in the spatiotemporal expression pattern of geminin
            during human epidermal morphogenesis
  JOURNAL   Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 32 (1), 1-5 (2023)
   PUBMED   36945759
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Alterations in the spatiotemporal expression pattern of
            geminin during human epidermal morphogenesis.
REFERENCE   3  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Zhao,X., Zhang,X., Shao,S., Yang,Q., Shen,C., Yang,X., Jiao,W.,
            Liu,J. and Wang,Y.
  TITLE     High expression of GMNN predicts malignant progression and poor
            prognosis in ACC
  JOURNAL   Eur J Med Res 27 (1), 301 (2022)
   PUBMED   36539849
  REMARK    GeneRIF: High expression of GMNN predicts malignant progression and
            poor prognosis in ACC.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Zheng,Z., Yang,X., Yao,X. and Li,L.
  TITLE     Prognostic value of HPV 16/18 genotyping and geminin mRNA
            quantification in low-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial
            lesion
  JOURNAL   Bioengineered 12 (2), 11482-11489 (2021)
   PUBMED   34874226
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Prognostic value of HPV 16/18 genotyping and geminin mRNA
            quantification in low-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial
            lesion.
REFERENCE   5  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Montanari,M., Boninsegna,A., Faraglia,B., Coco,C., Giordano,A.,
            Cittadini,A. and Sgambato,A.
  TITLE     Increased expression of geminin stimulates the growth of mammary
            epithelial cells and is a frequent event in human tumors
  JOURNAL   J Cell Physiol 202 (1), 215-222 (2005)
   PUBMED   15389519
  REMARK    GeneRIF: expression of geminin is frequently deregulated in tumor
            cells and might play an important role in the regulation of cell
            growth in both normal and malignant cells.
REFERENCE   6  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Biswas,N., Sanchez,V. and Spector,D.H.
  TITLE     Human cytomegalovirus infection leads to accumulation of geminin
            and inhibition of the licensing of cellular DNA replication
  JOURNAL   J Virol 77 (4), 2369-2376 (2003)
   PUBMED   12551974
  REMARK    GeneRIF: elevated levels in human cytomegalovirus infected
            fibroblasts
REFERENCE   7  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Bermejo,R., Vilaboa,N. and Cales,C.
  TITLE     Regulation of CDC6, geminin, and CDT1 in human cells that undergo
            polyploidization
  JOURNAL   Mol Biol Cell 13 (11), 3989-4000 (2002)
   PUBMED   12429841
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Results show that geminin, cdt1 and cdc6 are
            differentially regulated during megakaryocytic differentiation and
            suggest an active role of cdc6 in endomitosis.
REFERENCE   8  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Wohlschlegel,J.A., Dwyer,B.T., Dhar,S.K., Cvetic,C., Walter,J.C.
            and Dutta,A.
  TITLE     Inhibition of eukaryotic DNA replication by geminin binding to Cdt1
  JOURNAL   Science 290 (5500), 2309-2312 (2000)
   PUBMED   11125146
REFERENCE   9  (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   Kroll,K.L., Salic,A.N., Evans,L.M. and Kirschner,M.W.
  TITLE     Geminin, a neuralizing molecule that demarcates the future neural
            plate at the onset of gastrulation
  JOURNAL   Development 125 (16), 3247-3258 (1998)
   PUBMED   9671596
REFERENCE   10 (residues 1 to 209)
  AUTHORS   McGarry,T.J. and Kirschner,M.W.
  TITLE     Geminin, an inhibitor of DNA replication, is degraded during
            mitosis
  JOURNAL   Cell 93 (6), 1043-1053 (1998)
   PUBMED   9635433
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK021685.1, BC005389.1 and
            AF067855.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a protein that plays a critical role in
            cell cycle regulation. The encoded protein inhibits DNA replication
            by binding to DNA replication factor Cdt1, preventing the
            incorporation of minichromosome maintenance proteins into the
            pre-replication complex. The encoded protein is expressed during
            the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle and is degraded by the
            anaphase-promoting complex during the metaphase-anaphase
            transition. Increased expression of this gene may play a role in
            several malignancies including colon, rectal and breast cancer.
            Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for
            this gene, and two pseudogenes of this gene are located on the
            short arm of chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest
            transcript. Variants 1, 2, 3 and 4 encode the same protein.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189661.117326.1,
                                           SRR5189667.238905.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000230056.8/ ENSP00000230056.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..209
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6p22.3"
     Protein         1..209
                     /product="geminin"
                     /calculated_mol_wt=23434
     Region          1..184
                     /region_name="Geminin"
                     /note="pfam07412"
                     /db_xref="CDD:462159"
     Region          1..79
                     /region_name="Disordered.
                     /evidence=ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
                     /note="propagated from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            27
                     /site_type="acetylation"
                     /note="N6-acetyllysine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:19608861; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            34
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            36
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            49
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            63
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:18669648; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            64
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine.
                     /evidence=ECO:0007744|PubMed:18669648,
                     ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Region          82..161
                     /region_name="Necessary and sufficient for interaction
                     with IDAS and CDT1. /evidence=ECO:0000269|PubMed:21543332"
                     /note="propagated from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Region          164..209
                     /region_name="Disordered.
                     /evidence=ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
                     /note="propagated from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Region          170..190
                     /region_name="Homeodomain binding"
                     /note="propagated from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     Site            184
                     /site_type="phosphorylation"
                     /note="Phosphoserine, by CK2.
                     /evidence=ECO:0000269|PubMed:22615398; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (O75496.1)"
     CDS             1..209
                     /gene="GMNN"
                     /gene_synonym="Gem; MGORS6"
                     /coded_by="NM_015895.5:334..963"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4560.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:51053"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:17493"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602842"
ORIGIN      
        1 mnpsmkqkqe eikeniknss vprrtlkmiq psasgslvgr enelsaglsk rkhrndhlts
       61 ttsspgvivp essenknlgg vtqesfdlmi kenpssqywk evaekrrkal yealkenekl
      121 hkeieqkdne iarlkkenke laevaehvqy maelierlng epldnfesld nqefdseeet
      181 vedslvedse igtcaegtvs sstdakpci
//
