LOCUS       NM_033106                950 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 08-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens galanin like peptide (GALP), transcript variant 1,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_033106
VERSION     NM_033106.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Demirpence,M., Yilmaz Yasar,H., Karakoyun,I. and Girgin,E.M.
  TITLE     Galanin-like peptide and its correlation with androgen levels in
            patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
  JOURNAL   Endokrynol Pol 74 (2), 197-202 (2023)
   PUBMED   37155301
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Galanin-like peptide and its correlation with androgen
            levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Gul,F.C., Kobat,S.G., Celik,F., Aydin,S. and Akkoc,R.F.
  TITLE     Plasma and aqueous levels of alarin and adipsin in patients with
            and without diabetic retinopathy
  JOURNAL   BMC Ophthalmol 22 (1), 176 (2022)
   PUBMED   35436912
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Plasma and aqueous levels of alarin and adipsin in
            patients with and without diabetic retinopathy.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Gorkem,U. and Yildirim,E.
  TITLE     Alarin: A new predictive marker in infertile women with polycystic
            ovary syndrome: A case-control study
  JOURNAL   J Obstet Gynaecol Res 48 (4), 980-986 (2022)
   PUBMED   35174578
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Alarin: A new predictive marker in infertile women with
            polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Wada,A., Wong,P.F., Hojo,H., Hasegawa,M., Ichinose,A., Llanes,R.,
            Kubo,Y., Senba,M. and Ichinose,Y.
  TITLE     Alarin but not its alternative-splicing form, GALP (Galanin-like
            peptide) has antimicrobial activity
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 434 (2), 223-227 (2013)
   PUBMED   23537644
  REMARK    GeneRIF: One isoform (alarin) of this gene but not the other
            (galanin-like peptide) displays antimicrobial activity against E.
            coli.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Santic,R., Schmidhuber,S.M., Lang,R., Rauch,I., Voglas,E.,
            Eberhard,N., Bauer,J.W., Brain,S.D. and Kofler,B.
  TITLE     Alarin is a vasoactive peptide
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 (24), 10217-10222 (2007)
   PUBMED   17535903
  REMARK    GeneRIF: reports immunostaining of human GALP in the dermal
            microvasculature.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Robinson,J.K., Bartfai,T. and Langel,U.
  TITLE     Galanin/GALP receptors and CNS homeostatic processes
  JOURNAL   CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 5 (3), 327-334 (2006)
   PUBMED   16787232
  REMARK    GeneRIF: This review presents considerable evidence that has
            accumulated implicating both galanin and GALP as playing important
            roles in regulating food and water intake behavior and related
            neuroendocrine functions.
            Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Santic,R., Fenninger,K., Graf,K., Schneider,R.,
            Hauser-Kronberger,C., Schilling,F.H., Kogner,P., Ratschek,M.,
            Jones,N., Sperl,W. and Kofler,B.
  TITLE     Gangliocytes in neuroblastic tumors express alarin, a novel peptide
            derived by differential splicing of the galanin-like peptide gene
  JOURNAL   J Mol Neurosci 29 (2), 145-152 (2006)
   PUBMED   16954604
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Gundlach,A.L.
  TITLE     Galanin/GALP and galanin receptors: role in central control of
            feeding, body weight/obesity and reproduction?
  JOURNAL   Eur J Pharmacol 440 (2-3), 255-268 (2002)
   PUBMED   12007540
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Cunningham,M.J., Scarlett,J.M. and Steiner,R.A.
  TITLE     Cloning and distribution of galanin-like peptide mRNA in the
            hypothalamus and pituitary of the macaque
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 143 (3), 755-763 (2002)
   PUBMED   11861493
  REMARK    GeneRIF: describes the gene structure of human GALP.
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 950)
  AUTHORS   Ohtaki,T., Kumano,S., Ishibashi,Y., Ogi,K., Matsui,H., Harada,M.,
            Kitada,C., Kurokawa,T., Onda,H. and Fujino,M.
  TITLE     Isolation and cDNA cloning of a novel galanin-like peptide (GALP)
            from porcine hypothalamus
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 274 (52), 37041-37045 (1999)
   PUBMED   10601261
  REMARK    GeneRIF: describes cloning of the full-length human GALP
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC024580.6 and AF188493.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On May 17, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_033106.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the galanin family of
            neuropeptides. The encoded protein binds galanin receptors 1, 2 and
            3 with the highest affinity for galanin receptor 3 and has been
            implicated in biological processes involving the central nervous
            system including hypothalamic regulation of metabolism and
            reproduction. A peptide encoded by a splice variant of this gene,
            termed alarin, has vasoactive properties, displays antimicrobial
            activity against E. coli, and may serve as a marker for
            neuroblastic tumors.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer
            transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF188493.1, AF188492.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: partial sample support SAMEA2145122,
                                           SAMEA2148874 [ECO:0000350]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000357330.7/ ENSP00000349884.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-51                AC024580.6         171357-171407
            52-950              AF188493.1         40-938
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..950
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="19"
                     /map="19q13.43"
     gene            1..950
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /note="galanin like peptide"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:85569"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:24840"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611178"
     exon            1..55
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            56..181
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             95..445
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /note="isoform 1 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; alarin; gal-like peptide"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="galanin-like peptide isoform 1 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_149097.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS12940.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:85569"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:24840"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611178"
                     /translation="MAPPSVPLVLLLVLLLSLAETPASAPAHRGRGGWTLNSAGYLLG
                     PVLHLPQMGDQDGKRETALEILDLWKAIDGLPYSHPPQPSKRNVMETFAKPEIGDLGM
                     LSMKIPKEEDVLKS"
     exon            182..230
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            231..311
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            312..389
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            390..950
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      784..789
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /note="hexamer: AATACA"
     polyA_site      803
                     /gene="GALP"
                     /gene_synonym="GAL"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 aggcgctgga gcgaggagcc agagagagct gcggagagct gccagctgca gcgggcgtgt
       61 tccgcagctg taggcacctg tcgtcctgcc ttcgatggct cctccctccg tccccctggt
      121 cctcctcctc gtcctcttgc tgagcctggc agagactcca gcatccgcac ctgcccaccg
      181 gggacgagga ggctggaccc tcaatagtgc tggctacctt ctgggtcccg tcctccacct
      241 tccccaaatg ggtgaccaag acggaaagag ggagacagcc cttgagatcc tagacctgtg
      301 gaaggccatc gacgggctcc cctactccca ccctccacag ccctccaaga ggaatgtgat
      361 ggagacgttt gccaaaccag agattggaga tctgggcatg ctcagcatga aaattcccaa
      421 ggaggaagat gtcctgaagt catagatgtc ttcaaatccc tgttcctatc cttcttctcc
      481 agctcctcct gctccctctg aaaccttttc taggtaccct atgctgagac taagatcctg
      541 aagttaaata cccaggtctc atgaagacat tgtaaagcat ttgaattatt ctaaaaaatt
      601 tctggagttt cttaggtttt attgattcat ccttgaaatc agtataatgt gctattaatg
      661 gaaccaatag taattcgagg actagttggg agattctggg gtaatcaggg aatattcctg
      721 caacacattt aaaggaattg tgttcttttg gaatcatccc aattataaca cgagctattg
      781 cataatacaa ataaccctct taagtctgag agtctgtgtc tttatttgaa aagattcttc
      841 aaattgcgta cttactcctc catattcttt caacccacat gagtctcctc gagaagtgag
      901 gagaggcagt ttggagcaga atggagagaa taaaatgttt cttgtcaaac
//
