LOCUS       NM_001924               1352 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 19-AUG-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha
            (GADD45A), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001924
VERSION     NM_001924.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Zhou,L., Bai,G., Song,Y., Liu,X., Li,X., Deng,Y., Si,Y., Shi,Y. and
            Li,H.
  TITLE     AGEs induce MMP-9 promoter demethylation through the
            GADD45alpha-mediated BER pathway to promote breast cancer
            metastasis in patients with diabetes
  JOURNAL   Endocr Relat Cancer 31 (9), e230330 (2024)
   PUBMED   38904412
  REMARK    GeneRIF: AGEs induce MMP-9 promoter demethylation through the
            GADD45alpha-mediated BER pathway to promote breast cancer
            metastasis in patients with diabetes.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Hassan,N., Yi,H., Malik,B., Gaspard-Boulinc,L., Samaraweera,S.E.,
            Casolari,D.A., Seneviratne,J., Balachandran,A., Chew,T., Duly,A.,
            Carter,D.R., Cheung,B.B., Norris,M., Haber,M., Kavallaris,M.,
            Marshall,G.M., Zhang,X.D., Liu,T., Wang,J., Liebermann,D.A.,
            D'Andrea,R.J. and Wang,J.Y.
  TITLE     Loss of the stress sensor GADD45A promotes stem cell activity and
            ferroptosis resistance in LGR4/HOXA9-dependent AML
  JOURNAL   Blood 144 (1), 84-98 (2024)
   PUBMED   38579286
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Loss of the stress sensor GADD45A promotes stem cell
            activity and ferroptosis resistance in LGR4/HOXA9-dependent AML.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Yu,L.R., Han,X.Z., Tang,Y.Z., Liu,D., Luo,X.Q., Qiu,X.W., Feng,J.,
            Yuan,W.X. and Ding,J.Y.
  TITLE     Activation of the MEK/ERK Pathway Mediates the Inhibitory Effects
            of Silvestrol on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via RAP1A, HK2, and
            GADD45A
  JOURNAL   Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 29 (4), 160 (2024)
   PUBMED   38682208
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Activation of the MEK/ERK Pathway Mediates the Inhibitory
            Effects of Silvestrol on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via RAP1A,
            HK2, and GADD45A.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Marcotte,G.R., Miller,M.J., Kunz,H.E., Ryan,Z.C., Strub,M.D.,
            Vanderboom,P.M., Heppelmann,C.J., Chau,S., Von Ruff,Z.D.,
            Kilroe,S.P., McKeen,A.T., Dierdorff,J.M., Stern,J.I., Nath,K.A.,
            Grueter,C.E., Lira,V.A., Judge,A.R., Rasmussen,B.B., Nair,K.S.,
            Lanza,I.R., Ebert,S.M. and Adams,C.M.
  TITLE     GADD45A is a mediator of mitochondrial loss, atrophy, and weakness
            in skeletal muscle
  JOURNAL   JCI Insight 8 (22), e171772 (2023)
   PUBMED   37815864
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GADD45A is a mediator of mitochondrial loss, atrophy, and
            weakness in skeletal muscle.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Gebert,M., Bartoszewska,S., Opalinski,L., Collawn,J.F. and
            Bartoszewski,R.
  TITLE     IRE1-mediated degradation of pre-miR-301a promotes apoptosis
            through upregulation of GADD45A
  JOURNAL   Cell Commun Signal 21 (1), 322 (2023)
   PUBMED   37946177
  REMARK    GeneRIF: IRE1-mediated degradation of pre-miR-301a promotes
            apoptosis through upregulation of GADD45A.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Chen,I.T., Smith,M.L., O'Connor,P.M. and Fornace,A.J. Jr.
  TITLE     Direct interaction of Gadd45 with PCNA and evidence for competitive
            interaction of Gadd45 and p21Waf1/Cip1 with PCNA
  JOURNAL   Oncogene 11 (10), 1931-1937 (1995)
   PUBMED   7478510
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Kearsey,J.M., Coates,P.J., Prescott,A.R., Warbrick,E. and Hall,P.A.
  TITLE     Gadd45 is a nuclear cell cycle regulated protein which interacts
            with p21Cip1
  JOURNAL   Oncogene 11 (9), 1675-1683 (1995)
   PUBMED   7478594
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Carrier,F., Smith,M.L., Bae,I., Kilpatrick,K.E., Lansing,T.J.,
            Chen,C.Y., Engelstein,M., Friend,S.H., Henner,W.D., Gilmer,T.M. et
            al.
  TITLE     Characterization of human Gadd45, a p53-regulated protein
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 269 (51), 32672-32677 (1994)
   PUBMED   7798274
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Smith,M.L., Chen,I.T., Zhan,Q., Bae,I., Chen,C.Y., Gilmer,T.M.,
            Kastan,M.B., O'Connor,P.M. and Fornace,A.J. Jr.
  TITLE     Interaction of the p53-regulated protein Gadd45 with proliferating
            cell nuclear antigen
  JOURNAL   Science 266 (5189), 1376-1380 (1994)
   PUBMED   7973727
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1352)
  AUTHORS   Papathanasiou,M.A., Kerr,N.C., Robbins,J.H., McBride,O.W., Alamo,I.
            Jr., Barrett,S.F., Hickson,I.D. and Fornace,A.J. Jr.
  TITLE     Induction by ionizing radiation of the gadd45 gene in cultured
            human cells: lack of mediation by protein kinase C
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 11 (2), 1009-1016 (1991)
   PUBMED   1990262
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK314991.1 and M60974.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001924.3.
            
            Summary: This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript
            levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions
            and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The protein encoded by this
            gene responds to environmental stresses by mediating activation of
            the p38/JNK pathway via MTK1/MEKK4 kinase. The DNA damage-induced
            transcription of this gene is mediated by both p53-dependent and
            -independent mechanisms. Alternatively spliced transcript variants
            encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided
            by RefSeq, Dec 2010].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform
            (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1163655.705608.1,
                                           SRR1163658.469431.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000370986.9/ ENSP00000360025.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-11                AK314991.1         25-35
            12-1352             M60974.1           1-1341
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1352
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="1"
                     /map="1p31.3"
     gene            1..1352
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /note="growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1647"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4095"
                     /db_xref="MIM:126335"
     exon            1..338
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             295..792
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1; DNA
                     damage-inducible transcript-1; growth arrest and DNA
                     damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha; growth arrest and
                     DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha; DDIT-1; DNA
                     damage-inducible transcript 1 protein"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein
                     GADD45 alpha isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_001915.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS640.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1647"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:4095"
                     /db_xref="MIM:126335"
                     /translation="MTLEEFSAGEQKTERMDKVGDALEEVLSKALSQRTITVGVYEAA
                     KLLNVDPDNVVLCLLAADEDDDRDVALQIHFTLIQAFCCENDINILRVSNPGRLAELL
                     LLETDAGPAASEGAEQPPDLHCVLVTNPHSSQWKDPALSQLICFCRESRYMDQWVPVI
                     NLPER"
     exon            339..440
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            441..678
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            679..1352
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1326..1331
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1352
                     /gene="GADD45A"
                     /gene_synonym="DDIT1; GADD45"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agtggctggt aggcagtggc tgggaggcag cggcccaatt agtgtcgtgc ggcccgtggc
       61 gaggcgaggt ccggggagcg agcgagcaag caaggcggga ggggtggccg gagctgcggc
      121 ggctggcaca ggaggaggag cccgggcggg cgaggggcgg ccggagagcg ccagggcctg
      181 agctgccgga gcggcgcctg tgagtgagtg cagaaagcag gcgcccgcgc gctagccgtg
      241 gcaggagcag cccgcacgcc gcgctctctc cctgggcgac ctgcagtttg caatatgact
      301 ttggaggaat tctcggctgg agagcagaag accgaaagga tggataaggt gggggatgcc
      361 ctggaggaag tgctcagcaa agccctgagt cagcgcacga tcactgtcgg ggtgtacgaa
      421 gcggccaagc tgctcaacgt cgaccccgat aacgtggtgt tgtgcctgct ggcggcggac
      481 gaggacgacg acagagatgt ggctctgcag atccacttca ccctgatcca ggcgttttgc
      541 tgcgagaacg acatcaacat cctgcgcgtc agcaacccgg gccggctggc ggagctcctg
      601 ctcttggaga ccgacgctgg ccccgcggcg agcgagggcg ccgagcagcc cccggacctg
      661 cactgcgtgc tggtgacgaa tccacattca tctcaatgga aggatcctgc cttaagtcaa
      721 cttatttgtt tttgccggga aagtcgctac atggatcaat gggttccagt gattaatctc
      781 cctgaacggt gatggcatct gaatgaaaat aactgaacca aattgcactg aagtttttga
      841 aatacctttg tagttactca agcagttact ccctacactg atgcaaggat tacagaaact
      901 gatgccaagg ggctgagtga gttcaactac atgttctggg ggcccggaga tagatgactt
      961 tgcagatgga aagaggtgaa aatgaagaag gaagctgtgt tgaaacagaa aaataagtca
     1021 aaaggaacaa aaattacaaa gaaccatgca ggaaggaaaa ctatgtatta atttagaatg
     1081 gttgagttac attaaaataa accaaatatg ttaaagttta agtgtgcagc catagtttgg
     1141 gtatttttgg tttatatgcc ctcaagtaaa agaaaagccg aaagggttaa tcatatttga
     1201 aaaccatatt ttattgtatt ttgatgagat attaaattct caaagtttta ttataaattc
     1261 tactaagtta ttttatgaca tgaaaagtta tttatgctat aaattttttg aaacacaata
     1321 cctacaataa actggtatga ataattgcat ca
//
