LOCUS       NM_013409               2299 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 03-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens follistatin (FST), transcript variant FST344, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_013409
VERSION     NM_013409.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Shen,H.C., Lee,W.J., Sun,C.Y., Yu,W.K., Chen,W.C., Hsiao,F.Y.,
            Yang,K.Y. and Chen,L.K.
  TITLE     Follistatin-respiratory connection predicting all-cause mortality
            among community-dwelling middle-to-old age individuals: Results
            from the I-Lan Longitudinal Study
  JOURNAL   J Nutr Health Aging 28 (8), 100285 (2024)
   PUBMED   38861881
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Follistatin-respiratory connection predicting all-cause
            mortality among community-dwelling middle-to-old age individuals:
            Results from the I-Lan Longitudinal Study.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Nagayama,I., Takayanagi,K., Nagata,D., Hasegawa,H. and Maeshima,A.
  TITLE     Potential Utility of Urinary Follistatin as a Non-Invasive
            Indicator of Acute Tubular Damage in Patients with Acute Kidney
            Injury
  JOURNAL   Cells 13 (6), 525 (2024)
   PUBMED   38534369
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Potential Utility of Urinary Follistatin as a Non-Invasive
            Indicator of Acute Tubular Damage in Patients with Acute Kidney
            Injury.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Pan,J., Nilsson,J., Engstrom,G. and De Marinis,Y.
  TITLE     Elevated circulating follistatin associates with increased risk of
            mortality and cardiometabolic disorders
  JOURNAL   Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 34 (2), 418-425 (2024)
   PUBMED   38000997
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Elevated circulating follistatin associates with increased
            risk of mortality and cardiometabolic disorders.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Gong,C., Yang,W., Liu,X., Li,X., Wang,Y. and Tian,C.
  TITLE     Low follistatin level is a causal risk factor for spontaneous
            abortion: a two-sample mendelian randomization study
  JOURNAL   Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 14, 1255591 (2024)
   PUBMED   38234423
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Low follistatin level is a causal risk factor for
            spontaneous abortion: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Bielka,W., Przezak,A. and Pawlik,A.
  TITLE     Follistatin and follistatin-like 3 in metabolic disorders
  JOURNAL   Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 169, 106785 (2023)
   PUBMED   37739334
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Follistatin and follistatin-like 3 in metabolic disorders.
            Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Schneyer,A.L., Hall,H.A., Lambert-Messerlian,G., Wang,Q.F.,
            Sluss,P. and Crowley,W.F. Jr.
  TITLE     Follistatin-activin complexes in human serum and follicular fluid
            differ immunologically and biochemically
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 137 (1), 240-247 (1996)
   PUBMED   8536619
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Sumitomo,S., Inouye,S., Liu,X.J., Ling,N. and Shimasaki,S.
  TITLE     The heparin binding site of follistatin is involved in its
            interaction with activin
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 208 (1), 1-9 (1995)
   PUBMED   7887917
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Petraglia,F., Gallinelli,A., Grande,A., Florio,P., Ferrari,S.,
            Genazzani,A.R., Ling,N. and DePaolo,L.V.
  TITLE     Local production and action of follistatin in human placenta
  JOURNAL   J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78 (1), 205-210 (1994)
   PUBMED   8288705
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Shimonaka,M., Inouye,S., Shimasaki,S. and Ling,N.
  TITLE     Follistatin binds to both activin and inhibin through the common
            subunit
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 128 (6), 3313-3315 (1991)
   PUBMED   2036994
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2299)
  AUTHORS   Shimasaki,S., Koga,M., Esch,F., Cooksey,K., Mercado,M., Koba,A.,
            Ueno,N., Ying,S.Y., Ling,N. and Guillemin,R.
  TITLE     Primary structure of the human follistatin precursor and its
            genomic organization
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85 (12), 4218-4222 (1988)
   PUBMED   3380788
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC004107.2, DR760015.1 and
            AC008901.5.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_013409.2.
            
            Summary:  Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that
            specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release.  The
            single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing
            317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative
            splicing of the precursor mRNA.  In a study in which 37 candidate
            genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary
            syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was
            found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. [provided by
            RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (FST344) encodes the longer
            isoform (FST344).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC004107.2, DRR138522.1488091.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1966682, SAMEA1968540
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000256759.8/ ENSP00000256759.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1258              BC004107.2         43-1300
            1259-1639           DR760015.1         296-676
            1640-2299           AC008901.5         68355-69014
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2299
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="5"
                     /map="5q11.2"
     gene            1..2299
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /note="follistatin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:10468"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:3971"
                     /db_xref="MIM:136470"
     exon            1..248
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             164..1198
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /note="isoform FST344 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant FST344; activin-binding protein"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="follistatin isoform FST344 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_037541.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS3959.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:10468"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:3971"
                     /db_xref="MIM:136470"
                     /translation="MVRARHQPGGLCLLLLLLCQFMEDRSAQAGNCWLRQAKNGRCQV
                     LYKTELSKEECCSTGRLSTSWTEEDVNDNTLFKWMIFNGGAPNCIPCKETCENVDCGP
                     GKKCRMNKKNKPRCVCAPDCSNITWKGPVCGLDGKTYRNECALLKARCKEQPELEVQY
                     QGRCKKTCRDVFCPGSSTCVVDQTNNAYCVTCNRICPEPASSEQYLCGNDGVTYSSAC
                     HLRKATCLLGRSIGLAYEGKCIKAKSCEDIQCTGGKKCLWDFKVGRGRCSLCDELCPD
                     SKSDEPVCASDNATYASECAMKEAACSSGVLLEVKHSGSCNSISEDTEEEEEDEDQDY
                     SFPISSILEW"
     exon            249..440
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            441..659
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            660..884
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            885..1115
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1116..2299
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2276..2281
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2299
                     /gene="FST"
                     /gene_synonym="FS"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtccattgaa tcgcgcgggc ggccggcggc gagcgcgggg ctgcgccggg atcgctgcgc
       61 cctccgccgc tggcctctgc gacgcgcgcc gctcgcccga gccacccgcc gccgcgccgg
      121 ctccccgcgc cgctgcgctc ctcgccccgc gcctgccccc aggatggtcc gcgcgaggca
      181 ccagccgggt gggctttgcc tcctgctgct gctgctctgc cagttcatgg aggaccgcag
      241 tgcccaggct gggaactgct ggctccgtca agcgaagaac ggccgctgcc aggtcctgta
      301 caagaccgaa ctgagcaagg aggagtgctg cagcaccggc cggctgagca cctcgtggac
      361 cgaggaggac gtgaatgaca acacactctt caagtggatg attttcaacg ggggcgcccc
      421 caactgcatc ccctgtaaag aaacgtgtga gaacgtggac tgtggacctg ggaaaaaatg
      481 ccgaatgaac aagaagaaca aaccccgctg cgtctgcgcc ccggattgtt ccaacatcac
      541 ctggaagggt ccagtctgcg ggctggatgg gaaaacctac cgcaatgaat gtgcactcct
      601 aaaggcaaga tgtaaagagc agccagaact ggaagtccag taccaaggca gatgtaaaaa
      661 gacttgtcgg gatgttttct gtccaggcag ctccacatgt gtggtggacc agaccaataa
      721 tgcctactgt gtgacctgta atcggatttg cccagagcct gcttcctctg agcaatatct
      781 ctgtgggaat gatggagtca cctactccag tgcctgccac ctgagaaagg ctacctgcct
      841 gctgggcaga tctattggat tagcctatga gggaaagtgt atcaaagcaa agtcctgtga
      901 agatatccag tgcactggtg ggaaaaaatg tttatgggat ttcaaggttg ggagaggccg
      961 gtgttccctc tgtgatgagc tgtgccctga cagtaagtcg gatgagcctg tctgtgccag
     1021 tgacaatgcc acttatgcca gcgagtgtgc catgaaggaa gctgcctgct cctcaggtgt
     1081 gctactggaa gtaaagcact ccggatcttg caactccatt tcggaagaca ccgaggaaga
     1141 ggaggaagat gaagaccagg actacagctt tcctatatct tctattctag agtggtaaac
     1201 tctctataag tgttcagtgt tgacatagcc tttgtgcaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaga
     1261 aaaagaaaaa aagaaaaata tattgtccat actgtaaata agtgtatgct tatttatttg
     1321 gggggaaaac tatacattaa aggacctttg tcctaaagct ctctcccagg ccaccttgtt
     1381 actcattgga cacggagagg cattcattgt gaggtctact ggatgaggcc catagttgag
     1441 acttgtagac atttatttat actgtgtcat gttttataat ttatacataa aatgtctggt
     1501 tgactgtata ccttgttttt gaagaaattt attcgtgaaa ggaagagcag ttgttattta
     1561 ttgtgaggtc tcttgcttgt aaagtaaaag ctttttttcc ttgtaaacca tttaagtcca
     1621 ttccttacta ttcactcact catctgtctc ccttcatttc actgttagac tcttttccac
     1681 tttcaacaaa cttgcatgtc agtttctgtc atgtttattt attggattct ctgctgcctg
     1741 atctgtacat acatgatccc tcgggttttg tttacaagga accttgactg accaaaaggc
     1801 attataactc tgactcaaat acaaggtaca gaagataagc atctttgagg aaactcctac
     1861 ttcagttctt ttgttatgat gaagacattt gtgagagagg agatgattag aattctagta
     1921 atgtactttt aagatgttac agatacaaag aaatgatgtg ggtgtcagga gactaaagga
     1981 tgttgaaggc tacacattca accttttgtt aggtgtttcc tttaagctac tcagctgtac
     2041 cttttaaatt agttcttttt caaccagtat atcactaaaa gttatatcaa agctttatca
     2101 gttcaagttt cttgcttttc ataatacttt tttctgatgc aattttatat tttcaaacat
     2161 ggcaagttaa aatataaatt catttaaata tatagttttg tacttttcta ccatgtaaat
     2221 gtgcaatgta tataaaagtt ataatgtgta tttgtaaata aatgatgagt gaaaaaataa
     2281 aaaaatttta aaaagccaa
//
