LOCUS       NM_021871               2209 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 22-MAY-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens fibrinogen alpha chain (FGA), transcript variant
            alpha, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_021871
VERSION     NM_021871.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Moazzeni,A., Naderi,M., Dorgalaleh,A. and Alizadeh,S.
  TITLE     Fibrinogen Aalpha gene genotyping in patients with inherited
            afibrinogenemia deficiency; a novel mutation in Iranian
            afibrinogenemia patients
  JOURNAL   Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 34 (8), 517-522 (2023)
   PUBMED   37823427
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Fibrinogen Aalpha gene genotyping in patients with
            inherited afibrinogenemia deficiency; a novel mutation in Iranian
            afibrinogenemia patients.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Shao,X., Ma,J., Wang,Z., Sun,M., Huang,Z., Jiang,Z., Liu,X., Li,S.
            and Liu,Y.
  TITLE     [Genetic analysis of a Chinese pedigree affected with Congenital
            dysfibrinogenemia due to variant of FGG gene]
  JOURNAL   Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 40 (11), 1324-1329 (2023)
   PUBMED   37906135
  REMARK    GeneRIF: [Genetic analysis of a Chinese pedigree affected with
            Congenital dysfibrinogenemia due to variant of FGG gene].
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Maslow,A., Cheves,T., Joyce,M.F., Apruzzese,P. and Sweeney,J.
  TITLE     Interaction Between Platelet and Fibrinogen on Clot Strength in
            Healthy Patients
  JOURNAL   J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 37 (6), 942-947 (2023)
   PUBMED   36933991
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Interaction Between Platelet and Fibrinogen on Clot
            Strength in Healthy Patients.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Cortuk,M., Yildizeli,B., Kurar,E., Kayis,S.A., Tanriverdi,E. and
            Cetinkaya,E.
  TITLE     Fibrinogen-Aalpha THR312ALA Polymorphism is Associated to Chronic
            Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Turkey
  JOURNAL   Anatol J Cardiol 27 (3), 153-159 (2023)
   PUBMED   36856592
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Fibrinogen-Aalpha THR312ALA Polymorphism is Associated to
            Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Turkey.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Hoppe,B.
  TITLE     Fibrinogen and factor XIII at the intersection of coagulation,
            fibrinolysis and inflammation
  JOURNAL   Thromb Haemost 112 (4), 649-658 (2014)
   PUBMED   25182841
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Fish,R.J. and Neerman-Arbez,M.
  TITLE     Fibrinogen gene regulation
  JOURNAL   Thromb Haemost 108 (3), 419-426 (2012)
   PUBMED   22836683
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Regulation of the fibrinogen genes from proximal promoters
            and enhancers, the influence of acute-phase stimulation,
            post-transcriptional regulation by miRNAs and functional regulatory
            variants identified in genetic studies. Review.
            Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Watt,K.W., Cottrell,B.A., Strong,D.D. and Doolittle,R.F.
  TITLE     Amino acid sequence studies on the alpha chain of human fibrinogen.
            Overlapping sequences providing the complete sequence
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry 18 (24), 5410-5416 (1979)
   PUBMED   518846
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Cottrell,B.A., Strong,D.D., Watt,K.W. and Doolittle,R.F.
  TITLE     Amino acid sequence studies on the alpha chain of human fibrinogen.
            Exact location of cross-linking acceptor sites
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry 18 (24), 5405-5410 (1979)
   PUBMED   518845
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Fretto,L.J., Ferguson,E.W., Steinman,H.M. and McKee,P.A.
  TITLE     Localization of the alpha-chain cross-link acceptor sites of human
            fibrin
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 253 (7), 2184-2195 (1978)
   PUBMED   632262
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2209)
  AUTHORS   Blomback,B., Hessel,B. and Hogg,D.
  TITLE     Disulfide bridges in nh2 -terminal part of human fibrinogen
  JOURNAL   Thromb Res 8 (5), 639-658 (1976)
   PUBMED   936108
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BX494953.1, CB122305.1,
            CD608675.1, AL531808.3, AL579998.3, J00127.1 and J00128.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_021871.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes the alpha subunit of the coagulation
            factor fibrinogen, which is a component of the blood clot.
            Following vascular injury, the encoded preproprotein is
            proteolytically processed by thrombin during the conversion of
            fibrinogen to fibrin. Mutations in this gene lead to several
            disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia,
            afibrinogenemia and renal amyloidosis. Alternative splicing results
            in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes an
            isoform that undergoes proteolytic processing. [provided by RefSeq,
            Jan 2016].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (alpha) is alternatively spliced
            in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, resulting in a shorter isoform
            (alpha) with a different carboxy-terminus compared to isoform
            alpha-E. The encoded isoform (alpha) may undergo proteolytic
            processing similar to isoform alpha-E.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189664.56643.1,
                                           SRR5189664.111793.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2145122, SAMEA2155590
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000403106.8/ ENSP00000385981.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on manual assertion, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-479               BX494953.1         4-482
            480-1024            CB122305.1         71-615
            1025-1395           CD608675.1         388-758
            1396-1719           AL531808.3         459-782
            1720-2106           AL579998.3         67-453              c
            2107-2207           J00127.1           2082-2182
            2208-2209           J00128.1           2207-2208
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2209
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="4"
                     /map="4q31.3"
     gene            1..2209
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /note="fibrinogen alpha chain"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2243"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:3661"
                     /db_xref="MIM:134820"
     exon            1..109
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             56..1990
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /note="isoform alpha precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant alpha; fibrinogen, A alpha polypeptide"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="fibrinogen alpha chain isoform alpha precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_068657.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS47152.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:2243"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:3661"
                     /db_xref="MIM:134820"
                     /translation="MFSMRIVCLVLSVVGTAWTADSGEGDFLAEGGGVRGPRVVERHQ
                     SACKDSDWPFCSDEDWNYKCPSGCRMKGLIDEVNQDFTNRINKLKNSLFEYQKNNKDS
                     HSLTTNIMEILRGDFSSANNRDNTYNRVSEDLRSRIEVLKRKVIEKVQHIQLLQKNVR
                     AQLVDMKRLEVDIDIKIRSCRGSCSRALAREVDLKDYEDQQKQLEQVIAKDLLPSRDR
                     QHLPLIKMKPVPDLVPGNFKSQLQKVPPEWKALTDMPQMRMELERPGGNEITRGGSTS
                     YGTGSETESPRNPSSAGSWNSGSSGPGSTGNRNPGSSGTGGTATWKPGSSGPGSTGSW
                     NSGSSGTGSTGNQNPGSPRPGSTGTWNPGSSERGSAGHWTSESSVSGSTGQWHSESGS
                     FRPDSPGSGNARPNNPDWGTFEEVSGNVSPGTRREYHTEKLVTSKGDKELRTGKEKVT
                     SGSTTTTRRSCSKTVTKTVIGPDGHKEVTKEVVTSEDGSDCPEAMDLGTLSGIGTLDG
                     FRHRHPDEAAFFDTASTGKTFPGFFSPMLGEFVSETESRGSESGIFTNTKESSSHHPG
                     IAEFPSRGKSSSYSKQFTSSTSYNRGDSTFESKSYKMADEAGSEADHEGTHSTKRGHA
                     KSRPVRGIHTSPLGKPSLSP"
     exon            110..235
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            236..419
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            420..565
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            566..2209
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2181..2186
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      2185..2190
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATACA"
     polyA_site      2201
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      2209
                     /gene="FGA"
                     /gene_synonym="AMYLD2; Fib2"
ORIGIN      
        1 aatcctttct ttcagctgga gtgctcctca ggagccagcc ccacccttag aaaagatgtt
       61 ttccatgagg atcgtctgcc tggtcctaag tgtggtgggc acagcatgga ctgcagatag
      121 tggtgaaggt gactttctag ctgaaggagg aggcgtgcgt ggcccaaggg ttgtggaaag
      181 acatcaatct gcctgcaaag attcagactg gcccttctgc tctgatgaag actggaacta
      241 caaatgccct tctggctgca ggatgaaagg gttgattgat gaagtcaatc aagattttac
      301 aaacagaata aataagctca aaaattcact atttgaatat cagaagaaca ataaggattc
      361 tcattcgttg accactaata taatggaaat tttgagaggc gatttttcct cagccaataa
      421 ccgtgataat acctacaacc gagtgtcaga ggatctgaga agcagaattg aagtcctgaa
      481 gcgcaaagtc atagaaaaag tacagcatat ccagcttctg cagaaaaatg ttagagctca
      541 gttggttgat atgaaacgac tggaggtgga cattgatatt aagatccgat cttgtcgagg
      601 gtcatgcagt agggctttag ctcgtgaagt agatctgaag gactatgaag atcagcagaa
      661 gcaacttgaa caggtcattg ccaaagactt acttccctct agagataggc aacacttacc
      721 actgataaaa atgaaaccag ttccagactt ggttcccgga aattttaaga gccagcttca
      781 gaaggtaccc ccagagtgga aggcattaac agacatgccg cagatgagaa tggagttaga
      841 gagacctggt ggaaatgaga ttactcgagg aggctccacc tcttatggaa ccggatcaga
      901 gacggaaagc cccaggaacc ctagcagtgc tggaagctgg aactctggga gctctggacc
      961 tggaagtact ggaaaccgaa accctgggag ctctgggact ggagggactg caacctggaa
     1021 acctgggagc tctggacctg gaagtactgg aagctggaac tctgggagct ctggaactgg
     1081 aagtactgga aaccaaaacc ctgggagccc tagacctggt agtaccggaa cctggaatcc
     1141 tggcagctct gaacgcggaa gtgctgggca ctggacctct gagagctctg tatctggtag
     1201 tactggacaa tggcactctg aatctggaag ttttaggcca gatagcccag gctctgggaa
     1261 cgcgaggcct aacaacccag actggggcac atttgaagag gtgtcaggaa atgtaagtcc
     1321 agggacaagg agagagtacc acacagaaaa actggtcact tctaaaggag ataaagagct
     1381 caggactggt aaagagaagg tcacctctgg tagcacaacc accacgcgtc gttcatgctc
     1441 taaaaccgtt actaagactg ttattggtcc tgatggtcac aaagaagtta ccaaagaagt
     1501 ggtgacctcc gaagatggtt ctgactgtcc cgaggcaatg gatttaggca cattgtctgg
     1561 cataggtact ctggatgggt tccgccatag gcaccctgat gaagctgcct tcttcgacac
     1621 tgcctcaact ggaaaaacat tcccaggttt cttctcacct atgttaggag agtttgtcag
     1681 tgagactgag tctaggggct cagaatctgg catcttcaca aatacaaagg aatccagttc
     1741 tcatcaccct gggatagctg aattcccttc ccgtggtaaa tcttcaagtt acagcaaaca
     1801 atttactagt agcacgagtt acaacagagg agactccaca tttgaaagca agagctataa
     1861 aatggcagat gaggccggaa gtgaagccga tcatgaagga acacatagca ccaagagagg
     1921 ccatgctaaa tctcgccctg tcagaggtat ccacacttct cctttgggga agccttccct
     1981 gtccccctag actaagttaa atatttctgc acagtgttcc catggcccct tgcatttcct
     2041 tcttaactct ctgttacacg tcattgaaac tacacttttt tggtctgttt ttgtgctaga
     2101 ctgtaagttc cttgggggca gggcctttgt ctgtctcatc tctgtattcc caaatgccta
     2161 acagtacaga gccatgactc aataaataca tgttaaatgg atgaatgaa
//
