LOCUS       NM_001084392             565 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 09-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), transcript variant 2,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001084392
VERSION     NM_001084392.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Zan,C., Yang,B., Brandhofer,M., El Bounkari,O. and Bernhagen,J.
  TITLE     D-dopachrome tautomerase in cardiovascular and inflammatory
            diseases-A new kid on the block or just another MIF?
  JOURNAL   FASEB J 36 (11), e22601 (2022)
   PUBMED   36269019
  REMARK    GeneRIF: D-dopachrome tautomerase in cardiovascular and
            inflammatory diseases-A new kid on the block or just another MIF?
            Review article
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Chen,E., Reiss,K., Shah,D., Manjula,R., Allen,B., Murphy,E.L.,
            Murphy,J.W., Batista,V.S., Bhandari,V., Lolis,E.J. and Lisi,G.P.
  TITLE     A structurally preserved allosteric site in the MIF superfamily
            affects enzymatic activity and CD74 activation in D-dopachrome
            tautomerase
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 297 (3), 101061 (2021)
   PUBMED   34384784
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A structurally preserved allosteric site in the MIF
            superfamily affects enzymatic activity and CD74 activation in
            D-dopachrome tautomerase.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Takahashi,A., Iwata,T. and Yamashita,K.
  TITLE     Knockdown of D-dopachrome Tautomerase Inhibits Cell Proliferation
            in Human HepG2 Cell Line
  JOURNAL   Anticancer Res 41 (8), 4077-4082 (2021)
   PUBMED   34281877
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Knockdown of D-dopachrome Tautomerase Inhibits Cell
            Proliferation in Human HepG2 Cell Line.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Song,S., Liu,B., Habibie,H., van den Bor,J., Smit,M.J., Gosens,R.,
            Wu,X., Brandsma,C.A., Cool,R.H., Haisma,H.J., Poelarends,G.J. and
            Melgert,B.N.
  TITLE     D-dopachrome tautomerase contributes to lung epithelial repair via
            atypical chemokine receptor 3-dependent Akt signaling
  JOURNAL   EBioMedicine 68, 103412 (2021)
   PUBMED   34098338
  REMARK    GeneRIF: D-dopachrome tautomerase contributes to lung epithelial
            repair via atypical chemokine receptor 3-dependent Akt signaling.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Caltabiano,R., De Pasquale,R., Piombino,E., Campo,G., Nicoletti,F.,
            Cavalli,E., Mangano,K. and Fagone,P.
  TITLE     Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and Its Homologue
            d-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT) Inversely Correlate with
            Inflammation in Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
  JOURNAL   Molecules 26 (1), 184 (2021)
   PUBMED   33401503
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and Its
            Homologue d-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT) Inversely Correlate with
            Inflammation in Discoid Lupus Erythematosus.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Coggan,M., Whitbread,L., Whittington,A. and Board,P.
  TITLE     Structure and organization of the human theta-class glutathione
            S-transferase and D-dopachrome tautomerase gene complex
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 334 (Pt 3) (Pt 3), 617-623 (1998)
   PUBMED   9729470
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Esumi,N., Budarf,M., Ciccarelli,L., Sellinger,B., Kozak,C.A. and
            Wistow,G.
  TITLE     Conserved gene structure and genomic linkage for D-dopachrome
            tautomerase (DDT) and MIF
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 9 (9), 753-757 (1998)
   PUBMED   9716662
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Nishihira,J., Fujinaga,M., Kuriyama,T., Suzuki,M., Sugimoto,H.,
            Nakagawa,A., Tanaka,I. and Sakai,M.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning of human D-dopachrome tautomerase cDNA:
            N-terminal proline is essential for enzyme activation
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 243 (2), 538-544 (1998)
   PUBMED   9480844
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Odh,G., Hindemith,A., Rosengren,A.M., Rosengren,E. and Rorsman,H.
  TITLE     Isolation of a new tautomerase monitored by the conversion of
            D-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 197 (2), 619-624 (1993)
   PUBMED   8267597
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 565)
  AUTHORS   Hochstrasser,D.F., Frutiger,S., Paquet,N., Bairoch,A., Ravier,F.,
            Pasquali,C., Sanchez,J.C., Tissot,J.D., Bjellqvist,B., Vargas,R. et
            al.
  TITLE     Human liver protein map: a reference database established by
            microsequencing and gel comparison
  JOURNAL   Electrophoresis 13 (12), 992-1001 (1992)
   PUBMED   1286669
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC253536.1.
            
            On May 20, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_001084392.2.
            
            Summary: D-dopachrome tautomerase converts D-dopachrome into
            5,6-dihydroxyindole. The DDT gene is related to the migration
            inhibitory factor (MIF) in terms of sequence, enzyme activity, and
            gene structure. DDT and MIF are closely linked on chromosome 22.
            [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared
            to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same isoform (a).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BP319125.1, DA925294.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968189, SAMEA1968540
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000398344.9/ ENSP00000381386.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on manual assertion, conservation,
                                      expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-135               AC253536.1         18275-18409         c
            136-311             AC253536.1         17736-17911         c
            312-565             AC253536.1         15338-15591         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..565
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="22"
                     /map="22q11.23"
     gene            1..565
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /note="D-dopachrome tautomerase"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1652"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2732"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602750"
     exon            1..135
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             28..384
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /EC_number="4.1.1.84"
                     /note="isoform a is encoded by transcript variant 2;
                     D-dopachrome decarboxylase; phenylpyruvate tautomerase II"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="D-dopachrome decarboxylase isoform a"
                     /protein_id="NP_001077861.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS13820.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1652"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2732"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602750"
                     /translation="MPFLELDTNLPANRVPAGLEKRLCAAAASILGKPADRVNVTVRP
                     GLAMALSGSTEPCAQLSISSIGVVGTAEDNRSHSAHFFEFLTKELALGQDRILIRFFP
                     LESWQIGKIGTVMTFL"
     exon            136..311
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            312..565
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      541..546
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATGAA"
     polyA_site      565
                     /gene="DDT"
                     /gene_synonym="D-DT; DDCT; MIF-2; MIF2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agagctgttt ccgttcctct gcccgccatg ccgttcctgg agctggacac gaatttgccc
       61 gccaaccgag tgcccgcggg gctggagaaa cgactctgcg ccgccgctgc ctccatcctg
      121 ggcaaacctg cggaccgcgt gaacgtgacg gtacggccgg gcctggccat ggcgctgagc
      181 gggtccaccg agccctgcgc gcagctgtcc atctcctcca tcggcgtagt gggcaccgcc
      241 gaggacaacc gcagccacag cgcccacttc tttgagtttc tcaccaagga gctagccctg
      301 ggccaggacc ggatacttat ccgctttttc cccttggagt cctggcagat tggcaagata
      361 gggacggtca tgactttttt atgattgggc acggagggat ccagggcatc tgtgaactgg
      421 ctgcttcttc cagagagatc tcttggcaga gtgagggcct ggagataacc agctttggat
      481 tatcccgcat gcaacattcc tgtgatcaca taatcctctt cttcatcctc atatgaaata
      541 aatgaagaga gcttcctcat tcaaa
//
