LOCUS       NM_004083                903 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-NOV-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), transcript
            variant 5, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_004083
VERSION     NM_004083.6
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Hou,X., Shi,W., Luo,W., Luo,Y., Huang,X., Li,J., Ji,N. and Chen,Q.
  TITLE     FUS::DDIT3 Fusion Protein in the Development of Myxoid Liposarcoma
            and Possible Implications for Therapy
  JOURNAL   Biomolecules 14 (10), 1297 (2024)
   PUBMED   39456230
  REMARK    GeneRIF: FUS::DDIT3 Fusion Protein in the Development of Myxoid
            Liposarcoma and Possible Implications for Therapy.
            Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Ju,G., Gui,B., Chen,Y., Chang,X., Feng,Z., Liu,F. and Zhang,X.
  TITLE     Transcription factor DDIT3 is a potential driver in pancreatic
            cancer
  JOURNAL   Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 70 (7), 148-154 (2024)
   PUBMED   39097882
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Transcription factor DDIT3 is a potential driver in
            pancreatic cancer.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Ranji,P., Jonasson,E., Andersson,L., Filges,S., Luna Santamaria,M.,
            Vannas,C., Dolatabadi,S., Gustafsson,A., Myklebost,O.,
            Hakansson,J., Fagman,H., Landberg,G., Aman,P. and Stahlberg,A.
  TITLE     Deciphering the role of FUS::DDIT3 expression and tumor
            microenvironment in myxoid liposarcoma development
  JOURNAL   J Transl Med 22 (1), 389 (2024)
   PUBMED   38671504
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Deciphering the role of FUS::DDIT3 expression and tumor
            microenvironment in myxoid liposarcoma development.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Zhao,J., Yang,P., Lu,L.I., Yi,T., Li,Y., Mao,W., Zhou,Q. and
            Lin,K.E.
  TITLE     A study on expression of GRP78 and CHOP in neutrophil endoplasmic
            reticulum and their relationship with neutrophil apoptosis in the
            development of sepsis
  JOURNAL   J Biosci 49 (2024)
   PUBMED   38726820
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A study on expression of GRP78 and CHOP in neutrophil
            endoplasmic reticulum and their relationship with neutrophil
            apoptosis in the development of sepsis.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Palam,L.R., Baird,T.D. and Wek,R.C.
  TITLE     Phosphorylation of eIF2 facilitates ribosomal bypass of an
            inhibitory upstream ORF to enhance CHOP translation
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 286 (13), 10939-10949 (2011)
   PUBMED   21285359
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Jousse,C., Bruhat,A., Carraro,V., Urano,F., Ferrara,M., Ron,D. and
            Fafournoux,P.
  TITLE     Inhibition of CHOP translation by a peptide encoded by an open
            reading frame localized in the chop 5'UTR
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 29 (21), 4341-4351 (2001)
   PUBMED   11691921
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Aman,P., Ron,D., Mandahl,N., Fioretos,T., Heim,S., Arheden,K.,
            Willen,H., Rydholm,A. and Mitelman,F.
  TITLE     Rearrangement of the transcription factor gene CHOP in myxoid
            liposarcomas with t(12;16)(q13;p11)
  JOURNAL   Genes Chromosomes Cancer 5 (4), 278-285 (1992)
   PUBMED   1283316
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Park,J.S., Luethy,J.D., Wang,M.G., Fargnoli,J., Fornace,A.J. Jr.,
            McBride,O.W. and Holbrook,N.J.
  TITLE     Isolation, characterization and chromosomal localization of the
            human GADD153 gene
  JOURNAL   Gene 116 (2), 259-267 (1992)
   PUBMED   1339368
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Ron,D. and Habener,J.F.
  TITLE     CHOP, a novel developmentally regulated nuclear protein that
            dimerizes with transcription factors C/EBP and LAP and functions as
            a dominant-negative inhibitor of gene transcription
  JOURNAL   Genes Dev 6 (3), 439-453 (1992)
   PUBMED   1547942
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 903)
  AUTHORS   Papathanasiou,M.A., Kerr,N.C., Robbins,J.H., McBride,O.W., Alamo,I.
            Jr., Barrett,S.F., Hickson,I.D. and Fornace,A.J. Jr.
  TITLE     Induction by ionizing radiation of the gadd45 gene in cultured
            human cells: lack of mediation by protein kinase C
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 11 (2), 1009-1016 (1991)
   PUBMED   1990262
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC022506.38.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Oct 26, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_004083.5.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding
            protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors. The protein
            functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor by forming heterodimers
            with other C/EBP members, such as C/EBP and LAP (liver activator
            protein), and preventing their DNA binding activity. The protein is
            implicated in adipogenesis and erythropoiesis, is activated by
            endoplasmic reticulum stress, and promotes apoptosis. Fusion of
            this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22
            induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in myxoid
            liposarcomas or Ewing sarcoma. Multiple alternatively spliced
            transcript variants encoding two isoforms with different length
            have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an internal segment in
            the 5' region, resulting in a downstream AUG start codon, as
            compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the
            N-terminus, as compared to isoform 1. Variants 5-8 all encode the
            same isoform (2).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC003637.2, AL554091.3 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2142853, SAMEA2146411
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000346473.8/ ENSP00000340671.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            regulatory uORF        :: PMID: 11691921
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-97                AC022506.38        87572-87668
            98-145              AC022506.38        90333-90380
            146-315             AC022506.38        90648-90817
            316-903             AC022506.38        90906-91493
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..903
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="12"
                     /map="12q13.3"
     gene            1..903
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /note="DNA damage inducible transcript 3"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1649"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2726"
                     /db_xref="MIM:126337"
     exon            1..97
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      44..139
                     /regulatory_class="uORF"
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /experiment="DESCRIPTION:regulatory uORF[PMID:11691921]"
                     /note="this uORF encodes a 31 aa peptide (PMID:11691921)"
     exon            98..145
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            146..315
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             178..687
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 5;
                     CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein; growth
                     arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD153;
                     c/EBP-homologous protein 10; alternative DDIT3 protein;
                     C/EBP zeta"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein
                     isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_004074.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS8943.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1649"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2726"
                     /db_xref="MIM:126337"
                     /translation="MAAESLPFSFGTLSSWELEAWYEDLQEVLSSDENGGTYVSPPGN
                     EEEESKIFTTLDPASLAWLTEEEPEPAEVTSTSQSPHSPDSSQSSLAQEEEEEDQGRT
                     RKRKQSGHSPARAGKQRMKEKEQENERKVAQLAEENERLKQEIERLTREVEATRRALI
                     DRMVNLHQA"
     exon            316..903
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      884..889
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      903
                     /gene="DDIT3"
                     /gene_synonym="AltDDIT3; C/EBPzeta; CEBPZ; CHOP; CHOP-10;
                     CHOP10; GADD153"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtcagagact taagtctaag gcactgagcg tatcatgtta aagatgagcg ggtggcagcg
       61 acagagccaa aatcagagct ggaacctgag gagagagtgt tcaagaagga agtgtatctt
      121 catacatcac cacacctgaa agcagatgtg cttttccaga ctgatccaac tgcagagatg
      181 gcagctgagt cattgccttt ctccttcggg acactgtcca gctgggagct ggaagcctgg
      241 tatgaggacc tgcaagaggt cctgtcttca gatgaaaatg ggggtaccta tgtttcacct
      301 cctggaaatg aagaggaaga atcaaaaatc ttcaccactc ttgaccctgc ttctctggct
      361 tggctgactg aggaggagcc agaaccagca gaggtcacaa gcacctccca gagccctcac
      421 tctccagatt ccagtcagag ctccctggct caggaggaag aggaggaaga ccaagggaga
      481 accaggaaac ggaaacagag tggtcattcc ccagcccggg ctggaaagca gcgcatgaag
      541 gagaaagaac aggagaatga aaggaaagtg gcacagctag ctgaagagaa tgaacggctc
      601 aagcaggaaa tcgagcgcct gaccagggaa gtagaggcga ctcgccgagc tctgattgac
      661 cgaatggtga atctgcacca agcatgaaca attgggagca tcagtccccc acttgggcca
      721 cactacccac ctttcccaga agtggctact gactaccctc tcactagtgc caatgatgtg
      781 accctcaatc ccacatacgc agggggaagg cttggagtag acaaaaggaa aggtctcagc
      841 ttgtatatag agattgtaca tttatttatt actgtcccta tctattaaag tgactttcta
      901 tga
//
