LOCUS       NM_001351               2974 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 28-APR-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL), transcript variant
            2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001351
VERSION     NM_001351.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Zhou,L., Le,M.N.U., Du,Y., Chen,X., Jin,M., Xiang,H., Xia,L.E.,
            Zhou,J., He,J. and Ning,Y.
  TITLE     A novel cancer-germline gene DAZL promotes progression and
            cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer by upregulating
            JAK2 and MCM8
  JOURNAL   Gene 916, 148449 (2024)
   PUBMED   38588931
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A novel cancer-germline gene DAZL promotes progression and
            cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer by upregulating
            JAK2 and MCM8.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Nongthombam,P.D. and Malini,S.S.
  TITLE     Association of DAZL polymorphisms and DAZ deletion with male
            infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  JOURNAL   Genes Genomics 45 (6), 709-722 (2023)
   PUBMED   36434389
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Association of DAZL polymorphisms and DAZ deletion with
            male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
            Review article
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Yan,A., Xiong,J., Zhu,J., Li,X., Xu,S., Feng,X., Ke,X., Wang,Z.,
            Chen,Y., Wang,H.W., Zhang,M.Q. and Kee,K.
  TITLE     DAZL regulates proliferation of human primordial germ cells by
            direct binding to precursor miRNAs and enhances DICER processing
            activity
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 50 (19), 11255-11272 (2022)
   PUBMED   36273819
  REMARK    GeneRIF: DAZL regulates proliferation of human primordial germ
            cells by direct binding to precursor miRNAs and enhances DICER
            processing activity.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,W., Chen,W., Cui,Y., Wen,L., Yuan,Q., Zhou,F., Qiu,Q.,
            Sun,M., Li,Z. and He,Z.
  TITLE     Direct reprogramming of human Sertoli cells into male germline stem
            cells with the self-renewal and differentiation potentials via
            overexpressing DAZL/DAZ2/BOULE genes
  JOURNAL   Stem Cell Reports 16 (11), 2798-2812 (2021)
   PUBMED   34653405
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Direct reprogramming of human Sertoli cells into male
            germline stem cells with the self-renewal and differentiation
            potentials via overexpressing DAZL/DAZ2/BOULE genes.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Altakroni,B., Nevin,C., Carroll,M., Murgatroyd,C., Horne,G.,
            Brison,D.R. and Povey,A.C.
  TITLE     The marker of alkyl DNA base damage, N7-methylguanine, is
            associated with semen quality in men
  JOURNAL   Sci Rep 11 (1), 3121 (2021)
   PUBMED   33542261
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The marker of alkyl DNA base damage, N7-methylguanine, is
            associated with semen quality in men.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Chai,N.N., Phillips,A., Fernandez,A. and Yen,P.H.
  TITLE     A putative human male infertility gene DAZLA: genomic structure and
            methylation status
  JOURNAL   Mol Hum Reprod 3 (8), 705-708 (1997)
   PUBMED   9294855
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Seboun,E., Barbaux,S., Bourgeron,T., Nishi,S., Agulnik,A.,
            Egashira,M., Nikkawa,N., Bishop,C., Fellous,M., McElreavey,K. and
            Kasahara,M.
  TITLE     Gene sequence, localization, and evolutionary conservation of
            DAZLA, a candidate male sterility gene
  JOURNAL   Genomics 41 (2), 227-235 (1997)
   PUBMED   9143498
  REMARK    Erratum:[Genomics 1997 Oct 15;45(2):477. Algonik A [corrected to
            Agulnik A]]
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Yen,P.H., Chai,N.N. and Salido,E.C.
  TITLE     The human autosomal gene DAZLA: testis specificity and a candidate
            for male infertility
  JOURNAL   Hum Mol Genet 5 (12), 2013-2017 (1996)
   PUBMED   8968756
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Shan,Z., Hirschmann,P., Seebacher,T., Edelmann,A., Jauch,A.,
            Morell,J., Urbitsch,P. and Vogt,P.H.
  TITLE     A SPGY copy homologous to the mouse gene Dazla and the Drosophila
            gene boule is autosomal and expressed only in the human male gonad
  JOURNAL   Hum Mol Genet 5 (12), 2005-2011 (1996)
   PUBMED   8968755
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2974)
  AUTHORS   Saxena,R., Brown,L.G., Hawkins,T., Alagappan,R.K., Skaletsky,H.,
            Reeve,M.P., Reijo,R., Rozen,S., Dinulos,M.B., Disteche,C.M. and
            Page,D.C.
  TITLE     The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an
            autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned
  JOURNAL   Nat Genet 14 (3), 292-299 (1996)
   PUBMED   8896558
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DB080081.1, BC027595.2 and
            BX648638.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Jun 2, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001351.3.
            
            Summary: The DAZ (Deleted in AZoospermia) gene family encodes
            potential RNA binding proteins that are expressed in prenatal and
            postnatal germ cells of males and females. The protein encoded by
            this gene is localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of fetal germ
            cells and to the cytoplasm of developing oocytes. In the testis,
            this protein is localized to the nucleus of spermatogonia but
            relocates to the cytoplasm during meiosis where it persists in
            spermatids and spermatozoa. Transposition and amplification of this
            autosomal gene during primate evolution gave rise to the DAZ gene
            cluster on the Y chromosome. Mutations in this gene have been
            linked to severe spermatogenic failure and infertility in males.
            Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found
            for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and
            coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2)
            has a shorter and distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 2.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: HM005617.1, U66726.2 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000399444.7/ ENSP00000382373.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on manual assertion, conservation,
                                      expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-186               DB080081.1         100-285
            187-1662            BC027595.2         263-1738
            1663-1859           BX648638.1         1741-1937
            1860-2974           BX648638.1         1939-3053
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2974
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="3"
                     /map="3p24.3"
     gene            1..2974
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /note="deleted in azoospermia like"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1618"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2685"
                     /db_xref="MIM:601486"
     exon            1..221
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             219..1106
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 2;
                     spermatogenesis gene on the Y-like autosomal; germline
                     specific RNA binding protein; DAZ homolog; DAZ-like
                     autosomal; SPGY-like-autosomal; deleted in
                     azoospermia-like 1; testis secretory sperm-binding protein
                     Li 204a"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="deleted in azoospermia-like isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_001342.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS43059.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1618"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:2685"
                     /db_xref="MIM:601486"
                     /translation="MSTANPETPNSTISREASTQSSSAATSQGYILPEGKIMPNTVFV
                     GGIDVRMDETEIRSFFARYGSVKEVKIITDRTGVSKGYGFVSFFNDVDVQKIVESQIN
                     FHGKKLKLGPAIRKQNLCAYHVQPRPLVFNHPPPPQFQNVWTNPNTETYMQPTTTMNP
                     ITQYVQAYPTYPNSPVQVITGYQLPVYNYQMPPQWPVGEQRSYVVPPAYSAVNYHCNE
                     VDPGAEVVPNECSVHEATPPSGNGPQKKSVDRSIQTVVSCLFNPENRLRNSVVTQDDY
                     FKDKRVHHFRRSRAMLKSV"
     exon            222..368
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            369..460
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            461..512
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            513..576
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            577..716
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            717..788
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            789..839
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            840..953
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            954..1052
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1053..2974
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2953..2958
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2974
                     /gene="DAZL"
                     /gene_synonym="DAZH; DAZL1; DAZLA; SPGYLA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agtccgcctg cgctcctcag cctgacggtc cgcctttcgg ggctcctcag ccttgtcacc
       61 cgctcttggt tttccttttc tcttcatctt tggctccttt gaccactcga agccgcgcag
      121 cgggttccag cggacctcac agcagcccca gaagtggtgc gccaagcaca gcctctgctc
      181 ctcctggagc cggtcgggaa ctgctgcctg ccgccatcat gtctactgca aatcctgaaa
      241 ctccaaactc aaccatctcc agagaggcca gcacccagtc ctcatcagct gcaaccagcc
      301 aaggctatat tttaccagaa ggcaaaatca tgccaaacac tgtttttgtt ggaggaattg
      361 atgttaggat ggatgaaact gagattagaa gcttctttgc tagatatggt tcagtgaaag
      421 aagtgaagat aatcactgat cgaactggtg tgtccaaagg ctatggattt gtttcatttt
      481 ttaatgacgt ggatgtgcag aagatagtag aatcacagat aaatttccat ggtaaaaagc
      541 tgaagctggg ccctgcaatc aggaaacaaa atttatgtgc ttatcatgtg cagccacgtc
      601 ctttggtttt taatcatcct cctccaccac agtttcagaa tgtctggact aatccaaaca
      661 ctgaaactta tatgcagccc acaaccacga tgaatcctat aactcagtat gttcaggcat
      721 atcctactta cccaaattca ccagttcagg tcatcactgg atatcagttg cctgtatata
      781 attatcagat gccaccacag tggcctgttg gggagcaaag gagctatgtt gtacctccgg
      841 cttattcagc tgttaactac cactgtaatg aagttgatcc aggagctgaa gttgtgccaa
      901 atgaatgttc agttcatgaa gctactccac cctctggaaa tggcccacaa aagaaatctg
      961 tggaccgaag catacaaacg gtggtatctt gtctgtttaa tccagagaac agactgagaa
     1021 actctgttgt tactcaagat gactacttca aggataaaag agtgcatcac tttagaagaa
     1081 gtcgggcaat gcttaaatct gtttgatcct cctggcttat ctagttacat gggaagttgc
     1141 tggttttgaa tattaagcta aaaggtttcc actattatag aaattctgaa ttttggtaaa
     1201 tcacactcaa actttgtgta taagttgtat tattagactc tctagtttta tcttaaactg
     1261 ttcttcatta gatgtttatt tagaaactgg ttctgtgttg aaatatagtt gaaagtaaaa
     1321 aaataattga gactgaaaga aactaagatt tatctgcaag gattttttaa aaattggcat
     1381 tttaagtgtt taaaagcaaa tactgatttt caaaaaaatg tttttaaaaa cctattttga
     1441 aaggtcagaa ttttgttggt ctgaatacaa acatttcact tctccaacaa gtacctgtga
     1501 acagtacagt atttacagta ttgagctttg catttatgat ttctccagaa atttaccaca
     1561 aaagcaaaat ttttaaaact gcatttttaa tcagtggaac tcaatatata gttagcttta
     1621 ttgaagtctt cttatctaaa cccagcaaaa cagattcaaa gcgaacagtc caatcagtgg
     1681 gtcatatgtt tattcaaaat attttatctt ttagctagaa tccacacata tatatcctat
     1741 ttgattaggg tagtaattag gataactaaa attctgggcc taatttttta aagaatccaa
     1801 gacaaactaa actttactag gtacataagc ttctcaatga gtcaccattc ttcttttttg
     1861 taaaaacttt tttctttgaa atgctaaact tggctgtatg tcaaattgtg caaaatattg
     1921 gtattaaaga atgctgcaac ttttttatgt ctcttagagg ttaatcagag tatctgaagg
     1981 gaattgtttt tataaaaaca ttgaaatatt agttacttgc tataaataga tttagtctgt
     2041 tatatttcct tttgtaaagt aaaatatgtc cagaagagtc aaagtagtta gttttggtta
     2101 tttctaaacc acaaaagttg tttaataagt atatcttaag aatgtgctag agttaaaagt
     2161 tagcattgtt tctagattag ctggtgtctt cattttacat tgtgacaaac agctagagca
     2221 tcagagccct tttgctatac cacagtcttt cgtttccagc ctttgtcact agtctttgag
     2281 gaggtttgct cctagaactg gtgatataaa gaatgaaagt agctgtatga gcagagcagt
     2341 tcaagggcca aaccctggaa cggtagcaat gggatataat acctttctaa gggaaaaagt
     2401 tgtatcagta ccatttgatc tgccatggac atgagtttaa agcggctttc tggcccttct
     2461 ttcagtgact tcttccctaa aatgtagaaa ttctaactta atgtagttac tgtgagccat
     2521 attactagtg ccccctaggg tctataattc cttaaaattt tcattctgaa tctgaaggag
     2581 agagtctttt aactttagaa ttcccaagag ggctttatta cacctcagaa attgaaagca
     2641 ctatgaattt gtccatttaa aaatgatctg tagttttttt ggtgctataa cattctgaca
     2701 catatcattc tgtgattaaa tctccagctt actataaatg atatctatat tctaaagagc
     2761 tacttctaat tattccaata tgaccttaag gaaaagtaag ggaataaatt tttgtctttg
     2821 ttggagtgaa gcatttaaaa gagtaagggt aaaaaagata aagtcctgaa cctttcaaaa
     2881 tggaaaatta attctaaact tagaaatatg cttctgccta ttgctgatac tgtctttgca
     2941 tacatgaata aaaataaagt ttttttcttc aaaa
//
