LOCUS       NM_000735                710 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide (CGA),
            transcript variant 2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_000735
VERSION     NM_000735.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Asfuroglu Kalkan,E., Kalkan,C., Gumussoy,M., Gucbey,O. and
            Soykan,I.
  TITLE     Prevalence and predictors of colonoscopic findings in patients with
            autoimmune gastritis
  JOURNAL   J Investig Med 70 (1), 73-78 (2022)
   PUBMED   34341100
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Prevalence and predictors of colonoscopic findings in
            patients with autoimmune gastritis.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Xourgia,X., Tsiouris,S., Kolettis,T., Goudevenos,I., Arseniou,A.
            and Fotopoulos,A.D.
  TITLE     Myocardial perfusion SPECT as a potential mediator on circulating
            chromogranin A in patients with old myocardial infarction
  JOURNAL   Hell J Nucl Med 24 (2), 114-121 (2021)
   PUBMED   34352046
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Myocardial perfusion SPECT as a potential mediator on
            circulating chromogranin A in patients with old myocardial
            infarction.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Zhou,W., Brumpton,B., Kabil,O., Gudmundsson,J., Thorleifsson,G.,
            Weinstock,J., Zawistowski,M., Nielsen,J.B., Chaker,L., Medici,M.,
            Teumer,A., Naitza,S., Sanna,S., Schultheiss,U.T., Cappola,A.,
            Karjalainen,J., Kurki,M., Oneka,M., Taylor,P., Fritsche,L.G.,
            Graham,S.E., Wolford,B.N., Overton,W., Rasheed,H., Haug,E.B.,
            Gabrielsen,M.E., Skogholt,A.H., Surakka,I., Davey Smith,G.,
            Pandit,A., Roychowdhury,T., Hornsby,W.E., Jonasson,J.G., Senter,L.,
            Liyanarachchi,S., Ringel,M.D., Xu,L., Kiemeney,L.A., He,H.,
            Netea-Maier,R.T., Mayordomo,J.I., Plantinga,T.S., Hrafnkelsson,J.,
            Hjartarson,H., Sturgis,E.M., Palotie,A., Daly,M., Citterio,C.E.,
            Arvan,P., Brummett,C.M., Boehnke,M., de la Chapelle,A.,
            Stefansson,K., Hveem,K., Willer,C.J. and Asvold,B.O.
  TITLE     GWAS of thyroid stimulating hormone highlights pleiotropic effects
            and inverse association with thyroid cancer
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 11 (1), 3981 (2020)
   PUBMED   32769997
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GWAS of thyroid stimulating hormone highlights pleiotropic
            effects and inverse association with thyroid cancer.
            Erratum:[Nat Commun. 2021 Dec 16;12(1):7354. doi:
            10.1038/s41467-021-27675-w.. PMID: 34916535]
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Camperi,J., Combes,A., Fournier,T., Pichon,V. and Delaunay,N.
  TITLE     Analysis of the human chorionic gonadotropin protein at the intact
            level by HILIC-MS and comparison with RPLC-MS
  JOURNAL   Anal Bioanal Chem 412 (18), 4423-4432 (2020)
   PUBMED   32377867
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Analysis of the human chorionic gonadotropin protein at
            the intact level by HILIC-MS and comparison with RPLC-MS.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Choi,S.G., Olivet,J., Cassonnet,P., Vidalain,P.O., Luck,K.,
            Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Lemmens,I., Dos Santos,M., Demeret,C.,
            Jones,L., Rangarajan,S., Bian,W., Coutant,E.P., Janin,Y.L., van der
            Werf,S., Trepte,P., Wanker,E.E., De Las Rivas,J., Tavernier,J.,
            Twizere,J.C., Hao,T., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Calderwood,M.A. and
            Jacob,Y.
  TITLE     Maximizing binary interactome mapping with a minimal number of
            assays
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 10 (1), 3907 (2019)
   PUBMED   31467278
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Fiddes,J.C. and Goodman,H.M.
  TITLE     Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA for the
            alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin
  JOURNAL   Nature 281 (5730), 351-356 (1979)
   PUBMED   481597
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Sairam,M.R. and Li,C.H.
  TITLE     Human pituitary thyrotropin. The primary structure of the alpha and
            beta subunits
  JOURNAL   Can J Biochem 55 (7), 755-760 (1977)
   PUBMED   890569
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Moyle,W.R., Bahl,O.P. and Marz,L.
  TITLE     Role of carbohydrate of human chorionic gonadotropin in the
            mechanism of hormone action
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 250 (23), 9163-9169 (1975)
   PUBMED   172504
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Rathnam,P. and Saxena,B.B.
  TITLE     Primary amino acid sequence of follicle-stimulating hormone from
            human pituitary glands. I. alpha subunit
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 250 (17), 6735-6746 (1975)
   PUBMED   1158880
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 710)
  AUTHORS   Morgan,F.J., Birken,S. and Canfield,R.E.
  TITLE     The amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha
            subunit and beta subunit
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 250 (13), 5247-5258 (1975)
   PUBMED   1150658
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BG619154.1, BC055080.1 and
            AI200485.1.
            
            On Jun 2, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_000735.3.
            
            Summary: The four human glycoprotein hormones chorionic
            gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating
            hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are dimers
            consisting of alpha and beta subunits that are associated
            noncovalently. The alpha subunits of these hormones are identical,
            however, their beta chains are unique and confer biological
            specificity. The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit
            and belongs to the glycoprotein hormones alpha chain family. Two
            transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for
            this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame
            exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has the same
            N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC020782.1, BG621008.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2142853, SAMEA2149398
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000627148.3/ ENSP00000486024.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-2                 BG619154.1         43-44
            3-704               BC055080.1         5-706
            705-710             AI200485.1         18-23               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..710
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6q14.3"
     gene            1..710
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /note="glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1081"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:1885"
                     /db_xref="MIM:118850"
     exon            1..94
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            95..189
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             102..452
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /note="isoform 2 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 2; glycoprotein hormones alpha chain; chorionic
                     gonadotropin, alpha polypeptide; follicle-stimulating
                     hormone alpha subunit; FSH-alpha; LSH-alpha; TSH-alpha;
                     lutropin alpha chain; follitropin alpha chain; thyrotropin
                     alpha chain; choriogonadotropin alpha chain; luteinizing
                     hormone alpha chain; chorionic gonadotrophin subunit
                     alpha; thyroid-stimulating hormone alpha chain;
                     follicle-stimulating hormone alpha chain; anterior
                     pituitary glycoprotein hormones common subunit alpha"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="glycoprotein hormones alpha chain isoform 2
                     precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_000726.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS5007.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:1081"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:1885"
                     /db_xref="MIM:118850"
                     /translation="MDYYRKYAAIFLVTLSVFLHVLHSAPDVQDCPECTLQENPFFSQ
                     PGAPILQCMGCCFSRAYPTPLRSKKTMLVQKNVTSESTCCVAKSYNRVTVMGGFKVEN
                     HTACHCSTCYYHKS"
     exon            190..374
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            375..710
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      684..689
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      710
                     /gene="CGA"
                     /gene_synonym="CG-ALPHA; FSHA; GPA1; GPHa; GPHA1; HCG;
                     LHA; TSHA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gcagttactg agaactcata agacgaagct aaaatccctc ttcggatcca cagtcaaccg
       61 ccctgaacac atcctgcaaa aagcccagag aaaggagcgc catggattac tacagaaaat
      121 atgcagctat ctttctggtc acattgtcgg tgtttctgca tgttctccat tccgctcctg
      181 atgtgcagga ttgcccagaa tgcacgctac aggaaaaccc attcttctcc cagccgggtg
      241 ccccaatact tcagtgcatg ggctgctgct tctctagagc atatcccact ccactaaggt
      301 ccaagaagac gatgttggtc caaaagaacg tcacctcaga gtccacttgc tgtgtagcta
      361 aatcatataa cagggtcaca gtaatggggg gtttcaaagt ggagaaccac acggcgtgcc
      421 actgcagtac ttgttattat cacaaatctt aaatgtttta ccaagtgctg tcttgatgac
      481 tgctgatttt ctggaatgga aaattaagtt gtttagtgtt tatggctttg tgagataaaa
      541 ctctcctttt ccttaccata ccactttgac acgcttcaag gatatactgc agctttactg
      601 ccttcctcct tatcctacag tacaatcagc agtctagttc ttttcatttg gaatgaatac
      661 agcatttagc ttgttccact gcaaataaag ccttttaaat catcattcaa
//
