LOCUS       NM_002982                741 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-NOV-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002982
VERSION     NM_002982.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Bagheri,V., Khorramdelazad,H., Kafi,M. and Abbasifard,M.
  TITLE     Chemokine CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 in different age groups of
            patients with COVID-19
  JOURNAL   BMC Immunol 25 (1), 72 (2024)
   PUBMED   39455952
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Chemokine CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 in different age
            groups of patients with COVID-19.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Ansari,A.W., Ahmad,F., Alam,M.A., Raheed,T., Zaqout,A.,
            Al-Maslamani,M., Ahmad,A., Buddenkotte,J., Al-Khal,A. and
            Steinhoff,M.
  TITLE     Virus-Induced Host Chemokine CCL2 in COVID-19 Pathogenesis:
            Potential Prognostic Marker and Target of Anti-Inflammatory
            Strategy
  JOURNAL   Rev Med Virol 34 (5), e2578 (2024)
   PUBMED   39192485
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Virus-Induced Host Chemokine CCL2 in COVID-19
            Pathogenesis: Potential Prognostic Marker and Target of
            Anti-Inflammatory Strategy.
            Review article
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Trettel,F., Di Castro,M.A. and Limatola,C.
  TITLE     Chemokines: Key Molecules that Orchestrate Communication among
            Neurons, Microglia and Astrocytes to Preserve Brain Function
  JOURNAL   Neuroscience 439, 230-240 (2020)
   PUBMED   31376422
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Hao,Q., Vadgama,J.V. and Wang,P.
  TITLE     CCL2/CCR2 signaling in cancer pathogenesis
  JOURNAL   Cell Commun Signal 18 (1), 82 (2020)
   PUBMED   32471499
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CCL2/CCR2 signaling in cancer pathogenesis.
            Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Gschwandtner,M., Derler,R. and Midwood,K.S.
  TITLE     More Than Just Attractive: How CCL2 Influences Myeloid Cell
            Behavior Beyond Chemotaxis
  JOURNAL   Front Immunol 10, 2759 (2019)
   PUBMED   31921102
  REMARK    Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Vakilian,A., Khorramdelazad,H., Heidari,P., Sheikh Rezaei,Z. and
            Hassanshahi,G.
  TITLE     CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathway in glioblastoma multiforme
  JOURNAL   Neurochem Int 103, 1-7 (2017)
   PUBMED   28025034
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Lim,S.Y., Yuzhalin,A.E., Gordon-Weeks,A.N. and Muschel,R.J.
  TITLE     Targeting the CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis in cancer metastasis
  JOURNAL   Oncotarget 7 (19), 28697-28710 (2016)
   PUBMED   26885690
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Studies indicate manipulating CCL2-CCR2 interaction as a
            potential approach for combating metastatic disease.
            Review article
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   O'Connor,T., Borsig,L. and Heikenwalder,M.
  TITLE     CCL2-CCR2 Signaling in Disease Pathogenesis
  JOURNAL   Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 15 (2), 105-118 (2015)
   PUBMED   25772168
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Yoshimura,T. and Leonard,E.J.
  TITLE     Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)
  JOURNAL   Adv Exp Med Biol 305, 47-56 (1991)
   PUBMED   1661560
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 741)
  AUTHORS   Yoshimura,T., Yuhki,N., Moore,S.K., Appella,E., Lerman,M.I. and
            Leonard,E.J.
  TITLE     Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Full-length cDNA
            cloning, expression in mitogen-stimulated blood mononuclear
            leukocytes, and sequence similarity to mouse competence gene JE
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 244 (2), 487-493 (1989)
   PUBMED   2465924
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BG530064.1 and BC009716.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_002982.3.
            
            Summary: This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on
            the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of
            secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory
            processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based
            on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature
            peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is
            characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine
            displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not
            for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the
            pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates,
            like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds
            to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. Elevated expression of the
            encoded protein is associated with severe acute respiratory
            syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS&#8208;CoV&#8208;2) infection.
            [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189652.15518.1,
                                           SRR5189652.174085.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            coronavirus related    :: involved in cytokine storm inflammatory
                                      response
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000225831.4/ ENSP00000225831.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-9                 BG530064.1         24-32
            10-741              BC009716.1         1-732
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..741
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="17"
                     /map="17q12"
     gene            1..741
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /note="C-C motif chemokine ligand 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:6347"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:10618"
                     /db_xref="MIM:158105"
     exon            1..141
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             66..365
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /note="small inducible cytokine A2 (monocyte chemotactic
                     protein 1, homologous to mouse Sig-je); monocyte
                     chemoattractant protein-1; monocyte chemotactic and
                     activating factor; monocyte secretory protein JE;
                     chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; small inducible cytokine
                     subfamily A (Cys-Cys), member 2; C-C motif chemokine 2;
                     small-inducible cytokine A2"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="C-C motif chemokine 2 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_002973.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS11277.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:6347"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:10618"
                     /db_xref="MIM:158105"
                     /translation="MKVSAALLCLLLIAATFIPQGLAQPDAINAPVTCCYNFTNRKIS
                     VQRLASYRRITSSKCPKEAVIFKTIVAKEICADPKQKWVQDSMDHLDKQTQTPKT"
     exon            142..259
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            260..741
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      723..728
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /note="hexamer: AATATA"
     polyA_site      741
                     /gene="CCL2"
                     /gene_synonym="GDCF-2; HC11; HSMCR30; MCAF; MCP-1; MCP1;
                     SCYA2; SMC-CF"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gagaggctga gactaaccca gaaacatcca attctcaaac tgaagctcgc actctcgcct
       61 ccagcatgaa agtctctgcc gcccttctgt gcctgctgct catagcagcc accttcattc
      121 cccaagggct cgctcagcca gatgcaatca atgccccagt cacctgctgt tataacttca
      181 ccaataggaa gatctcagtg cagaggctcg cgagctatag aagaatcacc agcagcaagt
      241 gtcccaaaga agctgtgatc ttcaagacca ttgtggccaa ggagatctgt gctgacccca
      301 agcagaagtg ggttcaggat tccatggacc acctggacaa gcaaacccaa actccgaaga
      361 cttgaacact cactccacaa cccaagaatc tgcagctaac ttattttccc ctagctttcc
      421 ccagacaccc tgttttattt tattataatg aattttgttt gttgatgtga aacattatgc
      481 cttaagtaat gttaattctt atttaagtta ttgatgtttt aagtttatct ttcatggtac
      541 tagtgttttt tagatacaga gacttgggga aattgctttt cctcttgaac cacagttcta
      601 cccctgggat gttttgaggg tctttgcaag aatcattaat acaaagaatt ttttttaaca
      661 ttccaatgca ttgctaaaat attattgtgg aaatgaatat tttgtaacta ttacaccaaa
      721 taaatatatt tttgtacaaa a
//
