LOCUS       NM_001671               1310 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 17-MAR-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001671
VERSION     NM_001671.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,Z., Leng,X.K., Zhai,Y.Y., Zhang,X., Sun,Z.W., Xiao,J.Y.,
            Lu,J.F., Liu,K., Xia,B., Gao,Q., Jia,M., Xu,C.Q., Jiang,Y.N.,
            Zhang,X.G., Tao,K.S. and Wu,J.W.
  TITLE     Deficiency of ASGR1 promotes liver injury by increasing
            GP73-mediated hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 15 (1), 1908 (2024)
   PUBMED   38459023
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Deficiency of ASGR1 promotes liver injury by increasing
            GP73-mediated hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Yang,X., Zheng,X., Zhu,Y., Zhao,X., Liu,J., Xun,J., Yuan,S.,
            Chen,J., Pan,H., Yang,J., Wang,J., Liang,Z., Shen,X., Liang,Y.,
            Lin,Q., Liang,H., Li,M., Peng,F., Lu,D., Xu,J., Lu,H., Jiang,S.,
            Zhao,P. and Zhu,H.
  TITLE     Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 promotes SARS-CoV-2 infection of
            human normal hepatocytes
  JOURNAL   Signal Transduct Target Ther 9 (1), 42 (2024)
   PUBMED   38355848
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 promotes SARS-CoV-2
            infection of human normal hepatocytes.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Hoffmann,M. and Pohlmann,S.
  TITLE     Novel SARS-CoV-2 receptors: ASGR1 and KREMEN1
  JOURNAL   Cell Res 32 (1), 1-2 (2022)
   PUBMED   34903854
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Novel SARS-CoV-2 receptors: ASGR1 and KREMEN1.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Hu,B., Yang,Y., Liu,J., Ma,Z., Huang,H., Liu,S., Yu,Y., Hao,Y.,
            Wang,B., Lu,M. and Yang,D.
  TITLE     Establishment of a functional cell line expressing both subunits of
            H1a and H2c of human hepatocyte surface molecule ASGPR
  JOURNAL   J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 30 (5), 556-561 (2010)
   PUBMED   21063834
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Liu,J., Hu,B., Yang,Y., Ma,Z., Yu,Y., Liu,S., Wang,B., Zhao,X.,
            Lu,M. and Yang,D.
  TITLE     A new splice variant of the major subunit of human
            asialoglycoprotein receptor encodes a secreted form in hepatocytes
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 5 (9), e12934 (2010)
   PUBMED   20886072
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Two naturally occurring ASGPR1 splice variants are
            produced in human hepatocytes.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Beltzer,J.P. and Spiess,M.
  TITLE     In vitro binding of the asialoglycoprotein receptor to the beta
            adaptin of plasma membrane coated vesicles
  JOURNAL   EMBO J 10 (12), 3735-3742 (1991)
   PUBMED   1935897
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Sanford,J.P., Eddy,R.L., Doyle,D. and Shows,T.B.
  TITLE     Assignment of human asialoglycoprotein receptor gene (ASGR1) to
            chromosome 17p11-13
  JOURNAL   Genomics 11 (3), 779-781 (1991)
   PUBMED   1774077
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Geffen,I., Fuhrer,C. and Spiess,M.
  TITLE     Endocytosis by the asialoglycoprotein receptor is independent of
            cytoplasmic serine residues
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88 (19), 8425-8429 (1991)
   PUBMED   1924301
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Bischoff,J., Libresco,S., Shia,M.A. and Lodish,H.F.
  TITLE     The H1 and H2 polypeptides associate to form the asialoglycoprotein
            receptor in human hepatoma cells
  JOURNAL   J Cell Biol 106 (4), 1067-1074 (1988)
   PUBMED   2834401
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1310)
  AUTHORS   Spiess,M., Schwartz,A.L. and Lodish,H.F.
  TITLE     Sequence of human asialoglycoprotein receptor cDNA. An internal
            signal sequence for membrane insertion
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 260 (4), 1979-1982 (1985)
   PUBMED   2982798
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BQ653541.1 and BC032130.2.
            
            On Nov 24, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001671.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a subunit of the asialoglycoprotein
            receptor. This receptor is a transmembrane protein that plays a
            critical role in serum glycoprotein homeostasis by mediating the
            endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of glycoproteins with exposed
            terminal galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues. The
            asialoglycoprotein receptor may facilitate hepatic infection by
            multiple viruses including hepatitis B, and is also a target for
            liver-specific drug delivery. The asialoglycoprotein receptor is a
            hetero-oligomeric protein composed of major and minor subunits,
            which are encoded by different genes. The protein encoded by this
            gene is the more abundant major subunit. Alternatively spliced
            transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed
            for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1), also known as H1a, represents
            the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189664.50537.1,
                                           SRR5189664.118868.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            coronavirus related    :: involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000269299.8/ ENSP00000269299.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-129               BQ653541.1         205-333
            130-1310            BC032130.2         1-1181
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1310
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="17"
                     /map="17p13.1"
     gene            1..1310
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /note="asialoglycoprotein receptor 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:432"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:742"
                     /db_xref="MIM:108360"
     exon            1..181
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            182..276
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             207..1082
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /note="isoform a is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     hepatic lectin H1; C-type lectin domain family 4 member
                     H1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 isoform a"
                     /protein_id="NP_001662.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS11089.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:432"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:742"
                     /db_xref="MIM:108360"
                     /translation="MTKEYQDLQHLDNEESDHHQLRKGPPPPQPLLQRLCSGPRLLLL
                     SLGLSLLLLVVVCVIGSQNSQLQEELRGLRETFSNFTASTEAQVKGLSTQGGNVGRKM
                     KSLESQLEKQQKDLSEDHSSLLLHVKQFVSDLRSLSCQMAALQGNGSERTCCPVNWVE
                     HERSCYWFSRSGKAWADADNYCRLEDAHLVVVTSWEEQKFVQHHIGPVNTWMGLHDQN
                     GPWKWVDGTDYETGFKNWRPEQPDDWYGHGLGGGEDCAHFTDDGRWNDDVCQRPYRWV
                     CETELDKASQEPPLL"
     exon            277..393
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            394..489
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            490..561
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            562..648
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            649..800
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            801..907
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            908..1310
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1289..1294
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /note="hexamer: AGTAAA"
     polyA_site      1310
                     /gene="ASGR1"
                     /gene_synonym="ASGPR; ASGPR1; CLEC4H1; HL-1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 acacagacac gcagacacag agacaccggg gcccagggcc ctcctatgga ccctgcccgc
       61 tcccctccca ttgtccacgg ctgtccgccc acccccattc tccaagcttc agccccctcc
      121 ttagttcggc atctgcacag cactgaagaa cctgggaatc agaccctgag accctgagca
      181 atcccaggtc cagcgccagc cctatcatga ccaaggagta tcaagacctt cagcatctgg
      241 acaatgagga gagtgaccac catcagctca gaaaagggcc acctcctccc cagcccctcc
      301 tgcagcgtct ctgctccgga cctcgcctcc tcctgctctc cctgggcctc agcctcctgc
      361 tgcttgtggt tgtctgtgtg atcggatccc aaaactccca gctgcaggag gagctgcggg
      421 gcctgagaga gacgttcagc aacttcacag cgagcacgga ggcccaggtc aagggcttga
      481 gcacccaggg aggcaatgtg ggaagaaaga tgaagtcgct agagtcccag ctggagaaac
      541 agcagaagga cctgagtgaa gatcactcca gcctgctgct ccacgtgaag cagttcgtgt
      601 ctgacctgcg gagcctgagc tgtcagatgg cggcgctcca gggcaatggc tcagaaagga
      661 cctgctgccc ggtcaactgg gtggagcacg agcgcagctg ctactggttc tctcgctccg
      721 ggaaggcctg ggctgacgcc gacaactact gccggctgga ggacgcgcac ctggtggtgg
      781 tcacgtcctg ggaggagcag aaatttgtcc agcaccacat aggccctgtg aacacctgga
      841 tgggcctcca cgaccaaaac gggccctgga agtgggtgga cgggacggac tacgagacgg
      901 gcttcaagaa ctggaggccg gagcagccgg acgactggta cggccacggg ctcggaggag
      961 gcgaggactg tgcccacttc accgacgacg gccgctggaa cgacgacgtc tgccagaggc
     1021 cctaccgctg ggtctgcgag acagagctgg acaaggccag ccaggagcca cctctccttt
     1081 aatttatttc ttcaatgcct cgacctgccg caggggtccg ggattgggaa tccgcccatc
     1141 tgggggcctc ttctgctttc tcgggaattt tcatctagga ttttaaggga aggggaagga
     1201 tagggtgatg ttccgaaggt gaggagcttg aaacccgtgg cgctttctgc agtttgcagg
     1261 ttatcattgt gaactttttt tttttaagag taaaaagaaa tatacctaaa
//
