LOCUS       NM_001172               1911 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 27-APR-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens arginase 2 (ARG2), mRNA; nuclear gene for
            mitochondrial product.
ACCESSION   NM_001172
VERSION     NM_001172.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Huang,Y., Yue,S., Yan,Z., Liu,Y., Qiao,J., Zhang,M., Dong,Y. and
            Zheng,J.
  TITLE     Lactate-upregulated ARG2 expression induces cellular senescence in
            fibroblast-like synoviocytes of osteoarthritis via activating the
            mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway
  JOURNAL   Int Immunopharmacol 142 (Pt A), 113071 (2024)
   PUBMED   39236462
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Lactate-upregulated ARG2 expression induces cellular
            senescence in fibroblast-like synoviocytes of osteoarthritis via
            activating the mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Xu,Y., Shao,L., Zhou,Z., Zhao,L., Wan,S., Sun,W., Wanyan,W. and
            Yuan,Y.
  TITLE     ARG2 knockdown promotes G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial
            dysfunction in adenomyosis via regulation NF-kappaB and
            Wnt/Beta-catenin signaling cascades
  JOURNAL   Int Immunopharmacol 140, 112817 (2024)
   PUBMED   39116499
  REMARK    GeneRIF: ARG2 knockdown promotes G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and
            mitochondrial dysfunction in adenomyosis via regulation NF-kappaB
            and Wnt/Beta-catenin signaling cascades.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Jia,W., Yu,L., Xu,B., Feng,Y., Wang,J., Zhu,D., Xu,C., Liang,L.,
            Zhou,Y., Kong,L. and Ding,W.
  TITLE     HNF4A-AS1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by
            promoting the ubiquitin-modulated degradation of PCBP2 and
            suppressing the stability of ARG2 mRNA
  JOURNAL   Int J Biol Sci 20 (13), 5087-5108 (2024)
   PUBMED   39430249
  REMARK    GeneRIF: HNF4A-AS1 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular
            carcinoma by promoting the ubiquitin-modulated degradation of PCBP2
            and suppressing the stability of ARG2 mRNA.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Cheng,Q., Chen,M., Liu,M., Wang,F., Chen,X., Sun,W., Du,Y. and
            Wu,H.
  TITLE     Age-related genes USP2 and ARG2 are involved in the reduction of
            immune cell infiltration in elderly patients with rheumatoid
            arthritis
  JOURNAL   J Gene Med 26 (1), e3582 (2024)
   PUBMED   37727011
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Age-related genes USP2 and ARG2 are involved in the
            reduction of immune cell infiltration in elderly patients with
            rheumatoid arthritis.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Wang,Y., Li,Y., Li,Y., Cui,Y., Zhang,Y., Shi,W., Wang,J., Wu,X.,
            Liang,R., Wang,X., Zheng,A., Yu,Y. and Xiong,Y.
  TITLE     The lncRNA OIP5-AS1/miR-4500 axis targeting ARG2 modulates
            oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in endothelial cells:
            implications for vascular aging
  JOURNAL   Expert Opin Ther Targets 27 (4-5), 393-407 (2023)
   PUBMED   37203350
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The lncRNA OIP5-AS1/miR-4500 axis targeting ARG2 modulates
            oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in endothelial cells:
            implications for vascular aging.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Iyer,R., Jenkinson,C.P., Vockley,J.G., Kern,R.M., Grody,W.W. and
            Cederbaum,S.
  TITLE     The human arginases and arginase deficiency
  JOURNAL   J Inherit Metab Dis 21 Suppl 1, 86-100 (1998)
   PUBMED   9686347
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Morris,S.M. Jr., Bhamidipati,D. and Kepka-Lenhart,D.
  TITLE     Human type II arginase: sequence analysis and tissue-specific
            expression
  JOURNAL   Gene 193 (2), 157-161 (1997)
   PUBMED   9256072
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Gotoh,T., Araki,M. and Mori,M.
  TITLE     Chromosomal localization of the human arginase II gene and tissue
            distribution of its mRNA
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 233 (2), 487-491 (1997)
   PUBMED   9144563
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Vockley,J.G., Jenkinson,C.P., Shukla,H., Kern,R.M., Grody,W.W. and
            Cederbaum,S.D.
  TITLE     Cloning and characterization of the human type II arginase gene
  JOURNAL   Genomics 38 (2), 118-123 (1996)
   PUBMED   8954792
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1911)
  AUTHORS   Gotoh,T., Sonoki,T., Nagasaki,A., Terada,K., Takiguchi,M. and
            Mori,M.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning of cDNA for nonhepatic mitochondrial arginase
            (arginase II) and comparison of its induction with nitric oxide
            synthase in a murine macrophage-like cell line
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 395 (2-3), 119-122 (1996)
   PUBMED   8898077
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC029050.1 and AL135439.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001172.3.
            
            Summary:  Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to
            ornithine and urea.  At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase
            exists (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution,
            subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and
            physiologic function.  The type II isoform encoded by this gene, is
            located in the mitochondria and expressed in extra-hepatic tissues,
            especially kidney.  The physiologic role of this isoform is poorly
            understood; it is thought to play a role in nitric oxide and
            polyamine metabolism.  Transcript variants of the type II gene
            resulting from the use of alternative polyadenylation sites have
            been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803614.117412.1,
                                           SRR1803613.185889.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: reported by MitoCarta
            MANE Ensembl match                 :: ENST00000261783.4/
                                                  ENSP00000261783.3
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on single
                                                  protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1910              BC029050.1         59-1968
            1911-1911           AL135439.1         559-559
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1911
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="14"
                     /map="14q24.1"
     gene            1..1911
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /note="arginase 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:384"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:664"
                     /db_xref="MIM:107830"
     exon            1..169
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             59..1123
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /EC_number="3.5.3.1"
                     /note="kidney arginase; arginase II; nonhepatic arginase;
                     L-arginine amidinohydrolase; L-arginine ureahydrolase;
                     arginase-2, mitochondrial; type II arginase; kidney-type
                     arginase; non-hepatic arginase; arginase, type II"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="arginase-2, mitochondrial precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_001163.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS9785.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:384"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:664"
                     /db_xref="MIM:107830"
                     /translation="MSLRGSLSRLLQTRVHSILKKSVHSVAVIGAPFSQGQKRKGVEH
                     GPAAIREAGLMKRLSSLGCHLKDFGDLSFTPVPKDDLYNNLIVNPRSVGLANQELAEV
                     VSRAVSDGYSCVTLGGDHSLAIGTISGHARHCPDLCVVWVDAHADINTPLTTSSGNLH
                     GQPVSFLLRELQDKVPQLPGFSWIKPCISSASIVYIGLRDVDPPEHFILKNYDIQYFS
                     MRDIDRLGIQKVMERTFDLLIGKRQRPIHLSFDIDAFDPTLAPATGTPVVGGLTYREG
                     MYIAEEIHNTGLLSALDLVEVNPQLATSEEEAKTTANLAVDVIASSFGQTREGGHIVY
                     DQLPTPSSPDESENQARVRI"
     exon            170..242
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            243..420
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            421..580
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            581..675
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            676..780
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            781..917
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            918..1911
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1363..1368
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /note="hexamer: CATAAA"
     polyA_site      1388
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1890..1895
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ARG2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1905
                     /gene="ARG2"
     polyA_site      1911
                     /gene="ARG2"
ORIGIN      
        1 actcccggct tccaaccgcg cggagcctct gccttggaga ttctcagtgc tgcggatcat
       61 gtccctaagg ggcagcctct cgcgtctcct ccagacgcga gtgcattcca tcctgaagaa
      121 atccgtccac tccgtggctg tgataggagc cccgttctca caagggcaga aaagaaaagg
      181 agtggagcat ggtcccgctg ccataagaga agctggcttg atgaaaaggc tctccagttt
      241 gggctgccac ctaaaagact ttggagattt gagttttact ccagtcccca aagatgatct
      301 ctacaacaac ctgatagtga atccacgctc agtgggtctt gccaaccagg aactggctga
      361 ggtggttagc agagctgtgt cagatggcta cagctgtgtc acactgggag gagaccacag
      421 cctggcaatc ggtaccatta gtggccatgc ccgacactgc ccagaccttt gtgttgtctg
      481 ggttgatgcc catgctgaca tcaacacacc ccttaccact tcatcaggaa atctccatgg
      541 acagccagtt tcatttctcc tcagagaact acaggataag gtaccacaac tcccaggatt
      601 ttcctggatc aaaccttgta tctcttctgc aagtattgtg tatattggtc tgagagacgt
      661 ggaccctcct gaacatttta ttttaaagaa ctatgatatc cagtattttt ccatgagaga
      721 tattgatcga cttggtatcc agaaggtcat ggaacgaaca tttgatctgc tgattggcaa
      781 gagacaaaga ccaatccatt tgagttttga tattgatgca tttgacccta cactggctcc
      841 agccacagga actcctgttg tcgggggact aacctatcga gaaggcatgt atattgctga
      901 ggaaatacac aatacagggt tgctatcagc actggatctt gttgaagtca atcctcagtt
      961 ggccacctca gaggaagagg cgaagactac agctaacctg gcagtagatg tgattgcttc
     1021 aagctttggt cagacaagag aaggagggca tattgtctat gaccaacttc ctactcccag
     1081 ttcaccagat gaatcagaaa atcaagcacg tgtgagaatt taggagacac tgtgcactga
     1141 catgtttcac aacaggcatt ccagaattat gaggcattga ggggatagat gaatactaaa
     1201 tggttgtctg ggtcaatact gccttaatga gaacatttac acattctcac aattgtaaag
     1261 tttcccctct attttggtga ccaatactac tgtaaatgta tttggttttt tgcagttcac
     1321 agggtattaa tatgctacag tactatgtaa atttaaagaa gtcataaaca gcatttatta
     1381 ccttggtata tcatactggt cttgttgctg ttgttccttc acatttaagt ggtttttcat
     1441 ctttcctccc tcctcccaca gcctggctat acagtgcatc cttgaactgt cagcccacag
     1501 cagcaatatg cttattctat ccacatccct aacatcatgc attcacaagg tcaaagttct
     1561 ggtccacaaa cccttcccta tagaagttca atggctgcga aagaatttgt agtaaaccag
     1621 gcctcccagg atggcgagct ccagtaagat gataatggaa agcagcagct tgttggttgt
     1681 cactctacaa agagaagcaa agtggggagt agtcagaagt ttggataacc ttccttctaa
     1741 acattttggg gttagacctg ggaccacggc tggatactct gaggctgtat gtttgatcac
     1801 acagccactt agcaggaagt actcataagg ttctttagct gtcacttagg gataacactg
     1861 tctacctcac agaaatgtta aactgagaca ataaaaacca aagcataaaa a
//
