LOCUS       NM_001657               1234 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-NOV-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens amphiregulin (AREG), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001657
VERSION     NM_001657.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Li,H., Fang,R., Ma,R., Long,Y., He,R., Lyu,H., Chen,L. and Wen,Y.
  TITLE     Amphiregulin promotes activated regulatory T cell-suppressive
            function via the AREG/EGFR pathway in laryngeal squamous cell
            carcinoma
  JOURNAL   Head Face Med 20 (1), 62 (2024)
   PUBMED   39456084
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Amphiregulin promotes activated regulatory T
            cell-suppressive function via the AREG/EGFR pathway in laryngeal
            squamous cell carcinoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Simbulan-Rosenthal,C.M., Islam,N., Haribabu,Y., Alobaidi,R.,
            Shalamzari,A., Graham,G., Kuo,L.W., Sykora,P. and Rosenthal,D.S.
  TITLE     CD133 Stimulates Cell Proliferation via the Upregulation of
            Amphiregulin in Melanoma
  JOURNAL   Cells 13 (9), 777 (2024)
   PUBMED   38727313
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CD133 Stimulates Cell Proliferation via the Upregulation
            of Amphiregulin in Melanoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Xiao,M.H., Wu,S., Liang,P., Ma,D., Zhang,J., Chen,H., Zhong,Z.,
            Liu,J., Jiang,H., Feng,X. and Luo,Z.
  TITLE     Mucosal-associated invariant T cells promote ductular reaction
            through amphiregulin in biliary atresia
  JOURNAL   EBioMedicine 103, 105138 (2024)
   PUBMED   38678809
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Mucosal-associated invariant T cells promote ductular
            reaction through amphiregulin in biliary atresia.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Savage,T.M., Fortson,K.T., de Los Santos-Alexis,K.,
            Oliveras-Alsina,A., Rouanne,M., Rae,S.S., Gamarra,J.R., Shayya,H.,
            Kornberg,A., Cavero,R., Li,F., Han,A., Haeusler,R.A., Adam,J.,
            Schwabe,R.F. and Arpaia,N.
  TITLE     Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver fibrosis and
            insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
  JOURNAL   Immunity 57 (2), 303-318 (2024)
   PUBMED   38309273
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Amphiregulin from regulatory T cells promotes liver
            fibrosis and insulin resistance in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Berasain,C. and Avila,M.A.
  TITLE     Amphiregulin
  JOURNAL   Semin Cell Dev Biol 28, 31-41 (2014)
   PUBMED   24463227
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Culouscou,J.M., Remacle-Bonnet,M., Carlton,G.W., Plowman,G.D. and
            Shoyab,M.
  TITLE     Colorectum cell-derived growth factor (CRDGF) is homologous to
            amphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family
  JOURNAL   Growth Factors 7 (3), 195-205 (1992)
   PUBMED   1333777
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Cook,P.W., Mattox,P.A., Keeble,W.W., Pittelkow,M.R., Plowman,G.D.,
            Shoyab,M., Adelman,J.P. and Shipley,G.D.
  TITLE     A heparin sulfate-regulated human keratinocyte autocrine factor is
            similar or identical to amphiregulin
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 11 (5), 2547-2557 (1991)
   PUBMED   2017164
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Kimura,H., Fischer,W.H. and Schubert,D.
  TITLE     Structure, expression and function of a schwannoma-derived growth
            factor
  JOURNAL   Nature 348 (6298), 257-260 (1990)
   PUBMED   2234093
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Plowman,G.D., Green,J.M., McDonald,V.L., Neubauer,M.G.,
            Disteche,C.M., Todaro,G.J. and Shoyab,M.
  TITLE     The amphiregulin gene encodes a novel epidermal growth
            factor-related protein with tumor-inhibitory activity
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 10 (5), 1969-1981 (1990)
   PUBMED   2325643
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1234)
  AUTHORS   Shoyab,M., Plowman,G.D., McDonald,V.L., Bradley,J.G. and
            Todaro,G.J.
  TITLE     Structure and function of human amphiregulin: a member of the
            epidermal growth factor family
  JOURNAL   Science 243 (4894 Pt 1), 1074-1076 (1989)
   PUBMED   2466334
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC009799.1 and AW014754.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001657.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the
            epidermal growth factor family. It is an autocrine growth factor as
            well as a mitogen for astrocytes, Schwann cells and fibroblasts. It
            is related to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth
            factor alpha (TGF-alpha). The protein interacts with the
            EGF/TGF-alpha receptor to promote the growth of normal epithelial
            cells, and it inhibits the growth of certain aggressive carcinoma
            cell lines. It also functions in mammary gland, oocyte and bone
            tissue development. This gene is associated with a psoriasis-like
            skin phenotype, and is also associated with other pathological
            disorders, including various types of cancers and inflammatory
            conditions. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: M30704.1, BC009799.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000395748.8/ ENSP00000379097.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1229              BC009799.1         5-1233
            1230-1234           AW014754.1         19-23               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1234
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="4"
                     /map="4q13.3"
     gene            1..1234
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /note="amphiregulin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:374"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:651"
                     /db_xref="MIM:104640"
     exon            1..271
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             211..969
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /note="colorectum cell-derived growth factor;
                     schwannoma-derived growth factor; amphiregulin B"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="amphiregulin preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_001648.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS3565.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:374"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:651"
                     /db_xref="MIM:104640"
                     /translation="MRAPLLPPAPVVLSLLILGSGHYAAGLDLNDTYSGKREPFSGDH
                     SADGFEVTSRSEMSSGSEISPVSEMPSSSEPSSGADYDYSEEYDNEPQIPGYIVDDSV
                     RVEQVVKPPQNKTESENTSDKPKRKKKGGKNGKNRRNRKKKNPCNAEFQNFCIHGECK
                     YIEHLEAVTCKCQQEYFGERCGEKSMKTHSMIDSSLSKIALAAIAAFMSAVILTAVAV
                     ITVQLRRQYVRKYEGEAEERKKLRQENGNVHAIA"
     exon            272..520
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            521..722
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            723..875
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            876..987
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            988..1234
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1215..1220
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      1234
                     /gene="AREG"
                     /gene_synonym="AR; AREGB; CRDGF; SDGF"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agacgttcgc acacctgggt gccagcgccc cagaggtccc gggacagccc gaggcgccgc
       61 gcccgccgcc ccgagctccc caagccttcg agagcggcgc acactcccgg tctccactcg
      121 ctcttccaac acccgctcgt tttggcggca gctcgtgtcc cagagaccga gttgccccag
      181 agaccgagac gccgccgctg cgaaggacca atgagagccc cgctgctacc gccggcgccg
      241 gtggtgctgt cgctcttgat actcggctca ggccattatg ctgctggatt ggacctcaat
      301 gacacctact ctgggaagcg tgaaccattt tctggggacc acagtgctga tggatttgag
      361 gttacctcaa gaagtgagat gtcttcaggg agtgagattt cccctgtgag tgaaatgcct
      421 tctagtagtg aaccgtcctc gggagccgac tatgactact cagaagagta tgataacgaa
      481 ccacaaatac ctggctatat tgtcgatgat tcagtcagag ttgaacaggt agttaagccc
      541 ccccaaaaca agacggaaag tgaaaatact tcagataaac ccaaaagaaa gaaaaaggga
      601 ggcaaaaatg gaaaaaatag aagaaacaga aagaagaaaa atccatgtaa tgcagaattt
      661 caaaatttct gcattcacgg agaatgcaaa tatatagagc acctggaagc agtaacatgc
      721 aaatgtcagc aagaatattt cggtgaacgg tgtggggaaa agtccatgaa aactcacagc
      781 atgattgaca gtagtttatc aaaaattgca ttagcagcca tagctgcctt tatgtctgct
      841 gtgatcctca cagctgttgc tgttattaca gtccagctta gaagacaata cgtcaggaaa
      901 tatgaaggag aagctgagga acgaaagaaa cttcgacaag agaatggaaa tgtacatgct
      961 atagcataac tgaagataaa attacaggat atcacattgg agtcactgcc aagtcatagc
     1021 cataaatgat gagtcggtcc tctttccagt ggatcataag acaatggacc ctttttgtta
     1081 tgatggtttt aaactttcaa ttgtcacttt ttatgctatt tctgtatata aaggtgcacg
     1141 aaggtaaaaa gtattttttc aagttgtaaa taatttattt aatatttaat ggaagtgtat
     1201 ttattttaca gctcattaaa cttttttaac caaa
//
