LOCUS       NM_001632               2754 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 04-APR-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens alkaline phosphatase, placental (ALPP), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001632
VERSION     NM_001632.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Wu,G., Li,S., Luo,M., Li,X., Zhu,X., Zhang,J., He,Q., Yang,Q.,
            Zhao,G., Luo,S. and Yang,Z.
  TITLE     Role of serum alkaline phosphatase as a potential biomarker of
            severity and prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage
  JOURNAL   J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 33 (1), 107478 (2024)
   PUBMED   37952310
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Role of serum alkaline phosphatase as a potential
            biomarker of severity and prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Lung,B.E., Kim,M., McLellan,M., Callan,K., Wang,E.D., McMaster,W.,
            Yang,S. and So,D.H.
  TITLE     Alkaline Phosphatase is an Independent Risk Factor for
            Periprosthetic Fractures in Total Joint Arthroplasty
  JOURNAL   J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 7 (2) (2023)
   PUBMED   36763725
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Alkaline Phosphatase is an Independent Risk Factor for
            Periprosthetic Fractures in Total Joint Arthroplasty.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Cui,X.A., Zhang,Y., Hong,S.J. and Palazzo,A.F.
  TITLE     Identification of a region within the placental alkaline
            phosphatase mRNA that mediates p180-dependent targeting to the
            endoplasmic reticulum
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 288 (41), 29633-29641 (2013)
   PUBMED   24019514
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Data indicate that p180 is required for the efficient
            targeting of placental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP) mRNA to the
            endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Bellazi,L., Germond,S., Dupont,C., Brun-Heath,I., Taillandier,A.,
            De Mazancourt,P., Dieudonne,M.N. and Mornet,E.
  TITLE     A sequence variation in the promoter of the placental alkaline
            phosphatase gene (ALPP) is associated with allele-specific
            expression in human term placenta
  JOURNAL   Placenta 31 (9), 764-769 (2010)
   PUBMED   20663553
  REMARK    GeneRIF: differential expression of Pl(1) and Pl(2) probably
            results from linkage disequilibrium with the sequence variation
            rs2014683G>A in the ALPP gene promoter that was shown to have
            allele-specific binding patterns to placental nuclear proteins.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Stec,B., Cheltsov,A. and Millan,J.L.
  TITLE     Refined structures of placental alkaline phosphatase show a
            consistent pattern of interactions at the peripheral site
  JOURNAL   Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 66 (Pt 8), 866-870
            (2010)
   PUBMED   20693656
  REMARK    GeneRIF: structure of placental alkaline phosphatase with pNPP
            contained only p-nitrophenol in three distinct sites, while the
            structure with 5'-AMP contained the p-nitrophenyl group in two of
            the sites instead of 5'-AMP
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Lowe,M.E.
  TITLE     Site-specific mutations in the COOH-terminus of placental alkaline
            phosphatase: a single amino acid change converts a
            phosphatidylinositol-glycan-anchored protein to a secreted protein
  JOURNAL   J Cell Biol 116 (3), 799-807 (1992)
   PUBMED   1730777
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Knoll,B.J., Rothblum,K.N. and Longley,M.
  TITLE     Nucleotide sequence of the human placental alkaline phosphatase
            gene. Evolution of the 5' flanking region by deletion/substitution
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 263 (24), 12020-12027 (1988)
   PUBMED   3042787
  REMARK    Erratum:[J Biol Chem 1989 Feb 5;264(4):2391]
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Kam,W., Clauser,E., Kim,Y.S., Kan,Y.W. and Rutter,W.J.
  TITLE     Cloning, sequencing, and chromosomal localization of human term
            placental alkaline phosphatase cDNA
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82 (24), 8715-8719 (1985)
   PUBMED   3001717
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Ezra,E., Blacher,R. and Udenfriend,S.
  TITLE     Purification and partial sequencing of human placental alkaline
            phosphatase
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 116 (3), 1076-1083 (1983)
   PUBMED   6651840
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Palmarino,R., Corbo,R.M., Scacchi,R. and Lucarelli,P.
  TITLE     Human placental alkaline phosphatase: analysis of genetically
            determined rare variants
  JOURNAL   Hum Biol 51 (3), 341-352 (1979)
   PUBMED   533715
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC094743.1, BC009647.1 and
            AF217992.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Dec 7, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001632.4.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is an alkaline
            phosphatase, a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of
            phosphoric acid monoesters. It belongs to a multigene family
            composed of four alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. The enzyme
            functions as a homodimer and has a catalytic site containing one
            magnesium and two zinc ions, which are required for its enzymatic
            function. One of the main sources of this enzyme is the liver, and
            thus, it's one of several indicators of liver injury in different
            clinical conditions. In pregnant women, this protein is primarily
            expressed in placental and endometrial tissue, however, strong
            ectopic expression has been detected in ovarian adenocarcinoma,
            serous cystadenocarcinoma, and other ovarian cancer cells.
            [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC068501.1, BC094743.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2142853, SAMEA2149398
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            CDS uses downstream in-frame AUG :: upstream AUG and CDS extension
                                                is not conserved
            coronavirus related              :: relevant for disease process
            MANE Ensembl match               :: ENST00000392027.3/
                                                ENSP00000375881.2
            RefSeq Select criteria           :: based on single protein-coding
                                                transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-141               BC094743.1         81-221
            142-147             BC009647.1         156-161
            148-2746            BC094743.1         228-2826
            2747-2754           AF217992.1         1121-1128
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2754
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2q37.1"
     gene            1..2754
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /note="alkaline phosphatase, placental"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:250"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:439"
                     /db_xref="MIM:171800"
     exon            1..128
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             53..1660
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /EC_number="3.1.3.1"
                     /note="alkaline phosphomonoesterase; glycerophosphatase;
                     alkaline phosphatase, placental type; placental alkaline
                     phosphatase 1; alkaline phosphatase Regan isozyme;
                     Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase; Intestinal alkaline
                     phosphatase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="alkaline phosphatase, placental type
                     preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_001623.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS2490.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:250"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:439"
                     /db_xref="MIM:171800"
                     /translation="MLGPCMLLLLLLLGLRLQLSLGIIPVEEENPDFWNREAAEALGA
                     AKKLQPAQTAAKNLIIFLGDGMGVSTVTAARILKGQKKDKLGPEIPLAMDRFPYVALS
                     KTYNVDKHVPDSGATATAYLCGVKGNFQTIGLSAAARFNQCNTTRGNEVISVMNRAKK
                     AGKSVGVVTTTRVQHASPAGTYAHTVNRNWYSDADVPASARQEGCQDIATQLISNMDI
                     DVILGGGRKYMFRMGTPDPEYPDDYSQGGTRLDGKNLVQEWLAKRQGARYVWNRTELM
                     QASLDPSVTHLMGLFEPGDMKYEIHRDSTLDPSLMEMTEAALRLLSRNPRGFFLFVEG
                     GRIDHGHHESRAYRALTETIMFDDAIERAGQLTSEEDTLSLVTADHSHVFSFGGYPLR
                     GSSIFGLAPGKARDRKAYTVLLYGNGPGYVLKDGARPDVTESESGSPEYRQQSAVPLD
                     EETHAGEDVAVFARGPQAHLVHGVQEQTFIAHVMAFAACLEPYTACDLAPPAGTTDAA
                     HPGRSVVPALLPLLAGTLLLLETATAP"
     exon            129..245
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            246..361
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            362..536
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            537..709
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            710..844
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            845..917
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            918..1052
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1053..1244
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1245..1361
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1362..2754
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2721..2726
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      2728..2733
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2746
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
     polyA_site      2754
                     /gene="ALPP"
                     /gene_synonym="ALP; ALPI; IAP; PALP; PLAP; PLAP-1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 atactccatg cccagaattc ctgcctcgcc actgtcctgc tgccctccag acatgctggg
       61 gccctgcatg ctgctgctgc tgctgctgct gggcctgagg ctacagctct ccctgggcat
      121 catcccagtt gaggaggaga acccggactt ctggaaccgc gaggcagccg aggccctggg
      181 tgccgccaag aagctgcagc ctgcacagac agccgccaag aacctcatca tcttcctggg
      241 cgatgggatg ggggtgtcta cggtgacagc tgccaggatc ctaaaagggc agaagaagga
      301 caaactgggg cctgagatac ccctggccat ggaccgcttc ccatatgtgg ctctgtccaa
      361 gacatacaat gtagacaaac atgtgccaga cagtggagcc acagccacgg cctacctgtg
      421 cggggtcaag ggcaacttcc agaccattgg cttgagtgca gccgcccgct ttaaccagtg
      481 caacacgaca cgcggcaacg aggtcatctc cgtgatgaat cgggccaaga aagcagggaa
      541 gtcagtggga gtggtaacca ccacacgagt gcagcacgcc tcgccagccg gcacctacgc
      601 ccacacggtg aaccgcaact ggtactcgga cgccgacgtg cctgcctccg cccgccagga
      661 ggggtgccag gacatcgcta cgcagctcat ctccaacatg gacattgacg tgatcctagg
      721 tggaggccga aagtacatgt ttcgcatggg aaccccagac cctgagtacc cagatgacta
      781 cagccaaggt gggaccaggc tggacgggaa gaatctggtg caggaatggc tggcgaagcg
      841 ccagggtgcc cggtatgtgt ggaaccgcac tgagctcatg caggcttccc tggacccgtc
      901 tgtgacccat ctcatgggtc tctttgagcc tggagacatg aaatacgaga tccaccgaga
      961 ctccacactg gacccctccc tgatggagat gacagaggct gccctgcgcc tgctgagcag
     1021 gaacccccgc ggcttcttcc tcttcgtgga gggtggtcgc atcgaccatg gtcatcatga
     1081 aagcagggct taccgggcac tgactgagac gatcatgttc gacgacgcca ttgagagggc
     1141 gggccagctc accagcgagg aggacacgct gagcctcgtc actgccgacc actcccacgt
     1201 cttctccttc ggaggctacc ccctgcgagg gagctccatc ttcgggctgg cccctggcaa
     1261 ggcccgggac aggaaggcct acacggtcct cctatacgga aacggtccag gctatgtgct
     1321 caaggacggc gcccggccgg atgttaccga gagcgagagc gggagccccg agtatcggca
     1381 gcagtcagca gtgcccctgg acgaagagac ccacgcaggc gaggacgtgg cggtgttcgc
     1441 gcgcggcccg caggcgcacc tggttcacgg cgtgcaggag cagaccttca tagcgcacgt
     1501 catggccttc gccgcctgcc tggagcccta caccgcctgc gacctggcgc cccccgccgg
     1561 caccaccgac gccgcgcacc cggggcggtc cgtggtcccc gcgttgcttc ctctgctggc
     1621 cgggaccctg ctgctgctgg agacggccac tgctccctga gtgtcccgtc cctggggctc
     1681 ctgcttcccc atcccggagt tctcctgctc cccacctcct gtcgtcctgc ctggcctcca
     1741 gcccgagtcg tcatccccgg agtccctata cagaggtcct gccatggaac cttcccctcc
     1801 ccgtgcgctc tggggactga gcccatgaca ccaaacctgc cccttggctg ctctcggact
     1861 ccctacccca accccaggga ctgcaggttg tgccctgtgg ctgcctgcac cccaggaaag
     1921 gagggggctc aggccatcca gccaccacct acagcccagt gggtaccagg caggctccct
     1981 tcctggggaa aagaagcacc cagaccccgc gccccgctga tctttgcttc agtccttgaa
     2041 tcacctgtgg gacttgagga ctcgggatct tcaggacgcc tggagaaggg tggtttcctg
     2101 ccaccctgct ggccaaggag gctcctgggg tggggatcac cagggggatt ttgacacagc
     2161 cttcggctgc cccccactaa gctaattcca cacccctgta cccccccagg gggccctctg
     2221 cctcatggca aaggcttgcc ccaaatctca acttctcaga cgttccatac ccccacatgc
     2281 caatttcagc acccaactga gatccgagga gctcctggga agccctgggt gcaggacact
     2341 ggtcgagagc caaaggtccc tccccagaca tctggacact gggcatagat ttctcaagaa
     2401 ggaagactcc cctgcctccc cagggcctct gctctcctgg gagacaaagc aataataaaa
     2461 ggaagtgttt gtaatcccag cactttggga ggccgaggtg ggcggatcac gaggtcagga
     2521 gatggagacc atcctggcta acacggtgaa accccttatc tatgcgcctg tagtcccagc
     2581 tacccaggag gctgaagcag gataatcgct tgaacccggg cggcggagat tgcagtgagc
     2641 cgaggtcatg ccactgcact gcagcctggg cgacagagcg agattctgcc tcaaaaataa
     2701 acaaataaat tttaaaaata aataaataat aaaaggaagt gttagacaat gtaa
//
