LOCUS       NM_001608               2515 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 09-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain (ACADL), mRNA;
            nuclear gene for mitochondrial product.
ACCESSION   NM_001608
VERSION     NM_001608.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Liu,A., Kage,F., Abdulkareem,A.F., Aguirre-Huamani,M.P., Sapp,G.,
            Aydin,H. and Higgs,H.N.
  TITLE     Fatty acyl-coenzyme A activates mitochondrial division through
            oligomerization of MiD49 and MiD51
  JOURNAL   Nat Cell Biol 26 (5), 731-744 (2024)
   PUBMED   38594588
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Fatty acyl-coenzyme A activates mitochondrial division
            through oligomerization of MiD49 and MiD51.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Cai,J., Chen,T., Jiang,Z., Yan,J., Ye,Z., Ruan,Y., Tao,L., Shen,Z.,
            Liang,X., Wang,Y., Xu,J. and Cai,X.
  TITLE     Bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal extracellular
            matrix mechanical regulation of lipid metabolism reprograming
            through YAP/TEAD4/ACADL axis in hepatocellular carcinoma
  JOURNAL   Int J Biol Sci 19 (7), 2114-2131 (2023)
   PUBMED   37151879
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal
            extracellular matrix mechanical regulation of lipid metabolism
            reprograming through YAP/TEAD4/ACADL axis in hepatocellular
            carcinoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Li,L., Wang,L.L., Wang,T.L. and Zheng,F.M.
  TITLE     ACADL suppresses PD-L1 expression to prevent cancer immune evasion
            by targeting Hippo/YAP signaling in lung adenocarcinoma
  JOURNAL   Med Oncol 40 (4), 118 (2023)
   PUBMED   36929466
  REMARK    GeneRIF: ACADL suppresses PD-L1 expression to prevent cancer immune
            evasion by targeting Hippo/YAP signaling in lung adenocarcinoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Morgenstern,M., Peikert,C.D., Lubbert,P., Suppanz,I., Klemm,C.,
            Alka,O., Steiert,C., Naumenko,N., Schendzielorz,A., Melchionda,L.,
            Muhlhauser,W.W.D., Knapp,B., Busch,J.D., Stiller,S.B.,
            Dannenmaier,S., Lindau,C., Licheva,M., Eickhorst,C., Galbusera,R.,
            Zerbes,R.M., Ryan,M.T., Kraft,C., Kozjak-Pavlovic,V., Drepper,F.,
            Dennerlein,S., Oeljeklaus,S., Pfanner,N., Wiedemann,N. and
            Warscheid,B.
  TITLE     Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its
            dynamics in cellular context
  JOURNAL   Cell Metab 33 (12), 2464-2483 (2021)
   PUBMED   34800366
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Navarrete-Perea,J., Cannon,J.R.,
            Baltier,K., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Thornock,A., Zarraga,G., Tam,S.,
            Szpyt,J., Gassaway,B.M., Panov,A., Parzen,H., Fu,S., Golbazi,A.,
            Maenpaa,E., Stricker,K., Guha Thakurta,S., Zhang,T., Rad,R.,
            Pan,J., Nusinow,D.P., Paulo,J.A., Schweppe,D.K., Vaites,L.P.,
            Harper,J.W. and Gygi,S.P.
  TITLE     Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the
            human interactome
  JOURNAL   Cell 184 (11), 3022-3040 (2021)
   PUBMED   33961781
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Abe,T., Fujino,T., Fukuyama,R., Minoshima,S., Shimizu,N., Toh,H.,
            Suzuki,H. and Yamamoto,T.
  TITLE     Human long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: structure and chromosomal
            location
  JOURNAL   J Biochem 111 (1), 123-128 (1992)
   PUBMED   1607358
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Indo,Y., Yang-Feng,T., Glassberg,R. and Tanaka,K.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human
            long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of its gene to
            chromosome 2
  JOURNAL   Prog Clin Biol Res 375, 161-167 (1992)
   PUBMED   1438359
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Indo,Y., Yang-Feng,T., Glassberg,R. and Tanaka,K.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNAs encoding human
            long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and assignment of the location of
            its gene (ACADL) to chromosome 2
  JOURNAL   Genomics 11 (3), 609-620 (1991)
   PUBMED   1774065
  REMARK    Erratum:[Genomics. 1992 Mar;12(3):626. doi:
            10.1016/0888-7543(92)90462-2.. PMID: 1559716]
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Indo,Y., Coates,P.M., Hale,D.E. and Tanaka,K.
  TITLE     Immunochemical characterization of variant long-chain acyl-CoA
            dehydrogenase in cultured fibroblasts from nine patients with
            long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
  JOURNAL   Pediatr Res 30 (3), 211-215 (1991)
   PUBMED   1945557
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2515)
  AUTHORS   Treem,W.R., Stanley,C.A., Hale,D.E., Leopold,H.B. and Hyams,J.S.
  TITLE     Hypoglycemia, hypotonia, and cardiomyopathy: the evolving clinical
            picture of long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
  JOURNAL   Pediatrics 87 (3), 328-333 (1991)
   PUBMED   2000272
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DC350098.1, BC039063.1 and
            AC006994.4.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001608.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyl-CoA
            dehydrogenase family, which is a family of mitochondrial
            flavoenzymes involved in fatty acid and branched chain amino-acid
            metabolism. This protein is one of the four enzymes that catalyze
            the initial step of mitochondrial beta-oxidation of straight-chain
            fatty acid. Defects in this gene are the cause of long-chain
            acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) deficiency, leading to nonketotic
            hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803614.176300.1,
                                           SRR1803616.261303.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: reported by MitoCarta
            MANE Ensembl match                 :: ENST00000233710.4/
                                                  ENSP00000233710.3
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-11                DC350098.1         45-55
            12-2448             BC039063.1         1-2437
            2449-2515           AC006994.4         132983-133049       c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2515
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2q34"
     gene            1..2515
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:33"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:88"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609576"
     exon            1..261
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             185..1477
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /EC_number="1.3.8.8"
                     /note="acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain;
                     long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial;
                     long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase,
                     mitochondrial precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_001599.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS2389.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:33"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:88"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609576"
                     /translation="MAARLLRGSLRVLGGHRAPRQLPAARCSHSGGEERLETPSAKKL
                     TDIGIRRIFSPEHDIFRKSVRKFFQEEVIPHHSEWEKAGEVSREVWEKAGKQGLLGVN
                     IAEHLGGIGGDLYSAAIVWEEQAYSNCSGPGFSIHSGIVMSYITNHGSEEQIKHFIPQ
                     MTAGKCIGAIAMTEPGAGSDLQGIKTNAKKDGSDWILNGSKVFISNGSLSDVVIVVAV
                     TNHEAPSPAHGISLFLVENGMKGFIKGRKLHKMGLKAQDTAELFFEDIRLPASALLGE
                     ENKGFYYIMKELPQERLLIADVAISASEFMFEETRNYVKQRKAFGKTVAHLQTVQHKL
                     AELKTHICVTRAFVDNCLQLHEAKRLDSATACMAKYWASELQNSVAYDCVQLHGGWGY
                     MWEYPIAKAYVDARVQPIYGGTNEIMKELIAREIVFDK"
     exon            262..417
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            418..555
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            556..720
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            721..787
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            788..952
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            953..1054
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1055..1168
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1169..1296
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1297..1383
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1384..2515
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1615..1620
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="hexamer: AATATA"
     polyA_site      1627
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2422..2427
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2448
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2494..2499
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2515
                     /gene="ACADL"
                     /gene_synonym="ACAD4; LCAD"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtattccctc gcgaccagcc tgtggcgtgg ttggggctcc ggaagggcgc gcgcgagcgc
       61 ttttttggga ggacaccaca ggtggacgcc tcagctgatc gtcctccctc ccggggaccc
      121 tgccccgagt cgccgagtag ccgcagagtc gcctccgtcg ccccgccgcc cctgtgtttc
      181 ggacatggcc gcacgccttc tccgagggtc cctacgcgtc ctgggcggcc accgtgcgcc
      241 gcgccagctg cccgccgcgc gatgttctca ttccggaggg gaagaacgtc tagaaactcc
      301 ttctgctaaa aaattaacag atataggaat tcgaagaatc ttttctccag agcatgacat
      361 tttccggaaa agtgtaagga agtttttcca agaagaagtg attcctcatc actcagaatg
      421 ggagaaagct ggagaagtaa gtagggaggt ttgggaaaaa gctggaaaac aaggactgct
      481 tggtgtcaat attgcagagc atcttggtgg aattggaggg gatctgtact ccgcagctat
      541 tgtctgggag gagcaagctt attcaaattg ttcaggccca ggttttagta ttcattcagg
      601 tattgtcatg tcctatatta caaaccatgg ctcagaagaa cagattaagc actttattcc
      661 ccagatgact gcaggcaaat gtattggtgc aatagcaatg acagagcctg gagctggaag
      721 tgacttacag ggaataaaaa caaatgctaa aaaggatgga agtgactgga ttctcaatgg
      781 aagcaaggtg ttcatcagta atgggtcatt aagtgatgtt gtgattgtag ttgcggtcac
      841 aaatcatgaa gctccctccc ctgcccatgg tattagcctt tttctggtgg aaaatggaat
      901 gaaaggattt atcaagggac gaaagctaca taaaatggga ttaaaagccc aggataccgc
      961 agaactattc tttgaagata tacggttgcc agctagtgcc ctacttggag aagagaataa
     1021 aggcttctat tacatcatga aagagcttcc acaggaaagg ctgttaattg ctgatgtggc
     1081 aatttcagct agtgaattca tgtttgaaga aaccaggaac tatgttaaac aaagaaaagc
     1141 ttttggcaaa acagttgctc acctacagac agtgcaacat aaattagcag aattaaaaac
     1201 acatatatgt gtaacccgag catttgtgga caactgtctc cagctgcatg aagcgaaacg
     1261 tttggactcc gccactgctt gcatggcgaa atattgggca tctgagttac aaaatagtgt
     1321 agcttacgac tgtgtacagc tccatggagg ttggggatac atgtgggagt acccaattgc
     1381 aaaagcttat gtggatgcca gagttcagcc aatctatggt ggtacaaatg aaataatgaa
     1441 ggagctgatt gcaagagaga ttgtctttga caagtagaca tctgcccaca tcctggagtc
     1501 ctattacagc taatctcgtt ttaaatctgc tcaagataaa atgtaacttg gaaagcgagg
     1561 aaacactaaa catgttttta cctgctctct ctatagagaa ggaaataaaa tataaatata
     1621 agattaacac agtggaagga caaatctttg aagccaaaat tctagttttc caatataagg
     1681 tttaacttac agttttttat gtagccaaag gtaaacggtt ttctgaatct tgcctaggtg
     1741 tttcatttat ctctaaaatt ctaaaaagca taaatcattc aaatcttcaa accaaggcag
     1801 aaataatttt atgtcgctat agtataaaaa cattaataag atagcacatt gacttttaaa
     1861 gggaaaagta aatataactt agcatgtaaa ctcatttcgg ctaccatttg ctccaaattc
     1921 cctagaacag tggtttttac cactgtactc caaccccgtt tttaagcaat ggaactcttt
     1981 cttcaaacaa aagcttatgc agaacatctc tgtgaaacgc tgctgagtga gaactgcttt
     2041 cattgaagct ggaagccatc ataccttact gccttgaaac ccctaggact cagctaagta
     2101 tttgcctaac cctgaccagg gaatgccttg gttctgtcaa ttgctgacat ctgagaacac
     2161 agaataatcc atcattttta atttcaagat attggtacat tttataggta tcaaagcaat
     2221 ggcttttctt ttgcaacagt taatgtattt attaacttaa taattacttt atgtcttcta
     2281 taaaccaggc tgttaataca atgatgacaa acaaaactgg caagatcact aaaaaataag
     2341 tgaataaaca aataagtagt aaaataaggt aagaagtaaa tatgtaaaag agataatttc
     2401 aagcataagt gcaatgtaaa taataaagta agcatttaaa attcaaaagt gaggaaatga
     2461 catttgattt aagacttaaa agtaattaca aaaaataaac cattaattta aagta
//
